Schulz Christian, Koch Nadine, Schütte Kerstin, Pieper Dietmar H, Malfertheiner Peter
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Microbial Interactions and Processes (MINP) Research Group, Braunschweig, Germany.
J Dig Dis. 2015 Mar;16(3):109-17. doi: 10.1111/1751-2980.12233.
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) changed the dogma of the stomach as a sterile organ. H. pylori is an obligate pathogen in the human stomach and recognized as a definite carcinogen. Extensive research on the interaction of this bacterium with the gastric mucosa has been performed over the past three decades. The development of new nucleotide sequencing techniques and new biocomputational tools has opened the field for studying the diversity and complexity of the microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract independently of cultural methods. These techniques allow to better characterize further gastric bacteria. However, the differentiation of alive resident and transient microbes requires an analysis beyond the pure detection of bacterial genomic material applying a combination with metabolomic analyses. Currently, the interaction of gastric microbiota with each other, with H. pylori and with the host is addressed by extensive research. This review gives a concise overview on current knowledge on this topic.
幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）的发现改变了人们认为胃是无菌器官的教条。幽门螺杆菌是人类胃部的专性病原体，被公认为一种明确的致癌物。在过去三十年里，人们对这种细菌与胃黏膜之间的相互作用进行了广泛研究。新的核苷酸测序技术和新的生物计算工具的发展，为独立于培养方法研究胃肠道微生物群的多样性和复杂性开辟了道路。这些技术有助于更好地进一步鉴定胃部细菌。然而，要区分存活的常驻微生物和短暂微生物，需要在单纯检测细菌基因组物质的基础上，结合代谢组学分析进行更深入的分析。目前，广泛的研究正在探讨胃微生物群彼此之间、与幽门螺杆菌以及与宿主之间的相互作用。本综述简要概述了关于这一主题的当前知识。
