Nnadi M O N, Bankole O B, Fente B G
Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
Neurosurgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
J Pediatr Neurosci. 2014 Sep-Dec;9(3):237-41. doi: 10.4103/1817-1745.147577.
Head injury in children is a major concern all over the world. The increasing level of poverty in the world is exposing more children to trauma situations. The future consequences of trauma in these children are enormous, hence prevention they say, is better than cure.
The study was designed to determine the etiological pattern, age group affectation and treatment outcome in children managed for head injury in our center.
It was a prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study of children with head injuries managed in our center from July 2010 to December 2013. Data were collected using structured proforma that was part of our prospective Data Bank approved by our hospital Research and Ethics Committee. Data were collected in accident and emergency unit, Intensive Care Unit, wards and out-patient clinic. The data was analyzed using Epi Info 7 software.
Total of 76 children managed by the unit and followed-up to a minimum of 3 months qualified for the study. There were 42 males. The age ranged from 7 months to 18 years with a mean of 8.66 years. There were 30 adolescent/teenagers. Road traffic accident formed 63.15%. Pedestrian accident was more among preschool and school children. Thirty-seven patients had mild head injury. Sixty-six patients were managed conservatively. The commonest posttraumatic effect was seizure (15.79%). Good functional outcome (≥4) was seen in 92.1%. Mode of accident and severity of injury affected the outcome.
The etiologies of traumatic brain injury, from our study, were age dependent with falls commonest in toddlers and pedestrian accident commonest in pre-school and school ages. The outcome of treatment was related to severity of injury.
儿童头部损伤是全球主要关注的问题。全球贫困水平的上升使更多儿童面临创伤情况。这些儿童创伤的未来后果是巨大的，因此人们说预防胜于治疗。
本研究旨在确定在我们中心接受头部损伤治疗的儿童的病因模式、受影响的年龄组和治疗结果。
这是一项对2010年7月至2013年12月在我们中心接受头部损伤治疗的儿童进行的前瞻性、描述性和横断面研究。数据通过结构化表格收集，该表格是我们医院研究与伦理委员会批准的前瞻性数据库的一部分。数据在事故和急诊科、重症监护室、病房和门诊收集。使用Epi Info 7软件对数据进行分析。
该科室共治疗76名儿童，至少随访3个月符合研究条件。其中男性42名。年龄范围为7个月至18岁，平均年龄为8.66岁。有30名青少年。道路交通事故占63.15%。学龄前儿童和学龄儿童中行人事故较多。37例患者为轻度头部损伤。66例患者采用保守治疗。最常见的创伤后效应是癫痫发作（15.79%）。92.1%的患者功能结局良好（≥4）。事故方式和损伤严重程度影响结局。
根据我们的研究，创伤性脑损伤的病因与年龄有关，幼儿中最常见的是跌倒，学龄前和学龄儿童中最常见的是行人事故。治疗结果与损伤严重程度有关。
