College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Apr 15;512-513:215-226. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.035. Epub 2015 Jan 24.
Ecosystem services are strongly influenced by the landscape configuration of natural and human systems. So they are heterogeneous across landscapes. However lack of the knowledge of spatial variations of ecosystem services constrains the effective management and conservation of ecosystems. We presented a spatially explicit and quantitative assessment of the geographic variations in ecosystem services for the Fuzhou City in 2009 using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and semivariance analysis. Results confirmed a significant and positive spatial autocorrelation, and revealed several hot-spots and cold-spots for the spatial distribution of ecosystem service intensity (ESI) in the study area. Also the trend surface analysis indicated that the level of ESI tended to be reduced gradually from north to south and from west to east, with a trough in the urban central area, which was quite in accordance with land-use structure. A more precise cluster map was then developed using the range of lag distance, deriving from semivariance analysis, as neighborhood size instead of default value in the software of ESRI ArcGIS 10.0, and geographical clusters where population growth and land-use pressure varied significantly and positively with ESI across the city were also created by geographically weighted regression (GWR). This study has good policy implications applicable to prioritize areas for conservation or construction, and design ecological corridor to improve ecosystem service delivery to benefiting areas.
生态系统服务强烈受到自然和人类系统景观配置的影响。因此，它们在景观之间存在异质性。然而，缺乏对生态系统服务空间变化的了解，限制了对生态系统的有效管理和保护。我们使用探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）和半方差分析，对 2009 年福州市的生态系统服务的地理变化进行了空间明确和定量的评估。结果证实了显著的正空间自相关，并揭示了研究区域生态系统服务强度（ESI）空间分布的几个热点和冷点。此外，趋势面分析表明，ESI 水平从北到南、从西到东逐渐降低，城市中心区域存在一个低谷，这与土地利用结构非常吻合。然后，我们使用半方差分析得出的滞后距离范围来代替 ESRI ArcGIS 10.0 软件中的默认值作为邻域大小，开发了更精确的聚类图，并通过地理加权回归（GWR）创建了具有显著正相关性的人口增长和土地利用压力与全市 ESI 变化的地理聚类。这项研究具有良好的政策意义，适用于确定保护或建设的优先区域，并设计生态走廊，以改善生态系统服务的提供，使受益区域受益。
