Johns I C, Adams E-L
Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Equine Referral Hospital, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, AL97TA, UK.
Vet Rec. 2015 Mar 28;176(13):334. doi: 10.1136/vr.102708. Epub 2015 Jan 27.
This study aimed to identify changing antimicrobial resistance patterns in isolates commonly obtained from equine clinical submissions. Laboratory records from 1999 to 2012 were searched for equine samples from which Escherichia coli or Streptococcus species was isolated. Susceptibility to enrofloxacin, ceftiofur, gentamicin, penicillin G, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (TMPS) and tetracyclines was noted. Isolates were divided into those identified between 1999 and 2004 (Early) and between 2007 and 2012 (Late). The proportion of isolates resistant to each antimicrobial and multiple drug-resistant (MDR) isolates (≥3 antimicrobial classes) was compared between time periods. There were 464 isolates identified (242 Early; 222 Late). A significant increase in the percentage of E coli isolates resistant to ceftiofur (7.3-22.7 per cent, P=0.002), gentamicin (28.5-53.9 per cent, P<0.001), tetracyclines (48.4-74.2 per cent, P=0.002) and MDR (26.6-49.4 per cent, P=0.007) was identified. There was a significant increase over time in the percentage of all streptococcal species resistant to enrofloxacin, ranging from 0 per cent (Early) up to 63 per cent (Late) depending on species. For Streptococcus zooepidemicus, resistance over time to tetracyclines and MDR increased. There was also a decrease in the proportion of S zooepidemicus resistant to TMPS over time. An increase in resistance over time of common equine pathogens to a number of commonly used antimicrobials supports the responsible use of antimicrobials.
本研究旨在确定从马临床送检样本中常见分离菌株的抗菌药物耐药模式变化。检索了1999年至2012年的实验室记录，查找分离出大肠杆菌或链球菌属的马样本。记录了对恩诺沙星、头孢噻呋、庆大霉素、青霉素G、甲氧苄啶磺胺甲恶唑（TMPS）和四环素的敏感性。分离菌株分为1999年至2004年期间鉴定的菌株（早期）和2007年至2012年期间鉴定的菌株（晚期）。比较了不同时间段对每种抗菌药物耐药的分离菌株比例和多重耐药（MDR）分离菌株（≥3类抗菌药物）的比例。共鉴定出464株分离菌株（早期242株；晚期222株）。鉴定出对头孢噻呋耐药的大肠杆菌分离菌株百分比显著增加（7.3% - 22.7%，P = 0.002），对庆大霉素耐药的百分比显著增加（28.5% - 53.9%，P < 0.001），对四环素耐药的百分比显著增加（48.4% - 74.2%，P = 0.002），以及MDR分离菌株百分比显著增加（26.6% - 49.4%，P = 0.007）。随着时间推移，所有链球菌属对恩诺沙星耐药的百分比显著增加，根据菌种不同，从0%（早期）到63%（晚期）不等。对于马链球菌，随着时间推移对四环素和MDR的耐药性增加。随着时间推移，马链球菌对TMPS耐药的比例也有所下降。马常见病原菌对多种常用抗菌药物的耐药性随时间增加，这支持了抗菌药物的合理使用。
