Bientzle Martina, Cress Ulrike, Kimmerle Joachim
a Knowledge Construction Lab , Knowledge Media Research Center , Schleichstr.6, D-72076 Tuebingen , Germany.
Psychol Health Med. 2015;20(6):670-9. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2015.1005017. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Breast cancer awareness campaigns and screening programs are important public health issues. In order to deepen women's knowledge about mammography screening, a balanced presentation of arguments is considered to be relevant. Yet, little is known about how women process this information and assess pro and contra arguments, which, in turn, can be embedded in different health paradigms. The aim of this experimental study was to determine the impact of both women's pre-formed, tentative decisions about whether to participate in mammography screening and of their individual health concepts on their assessment of different arguments about mammography screening. The results showed that women who would tend at the outset to participate in mammography screening rated information about advantages as more relevant than information about disadvantages--in contrast to women who did not intend to participate. In addition, the greater the fit was between women's individual health concepts and the health concept presented in the arguments, the more they considered the information presented to be relevant. We conclude that presenting balanced information about mammography screening does not guarantee balanced processing of that information. Health professionals need to be aware of people's prior beliefs and of the health paradigm in which information is embedded.
乳腺癌宣传活动和筛查项目是重要的公共卫生问题。为了加深女性对乳房X光检查筛查的了解，对各种观点进行平衡的呈现被认为是很有必要的。然而，对于女性如何处理这些信息以及评估支持和反对的观点，我们却知之甚少，而这些观点又可能蕴含在不同的健康范式中。这项实验研究的目的是确定女性关于是否参与乳房X光检查筛查的预先形成的初步决定以及她们个人的健康观念对其评估有关乳房X光检查筛查的不同观点的影响。结果显示，一开始倾向于参与乳房X光检查筛查的女性认为关于优势的信息比关于劣势的信息更具相关性——这与不打算参与的女性形成对比。此外，女性个人健康观念与观点中呈现的健康观念之间的契合度越高，她们就越认为所呈现的信息具有相关性。我们得出结论，呈现关于乳房X光检查筛查的平衡信息并不能保证对该信息进行平衡的处理。卫生专业人员需要意识到人们先前的信念以及信息所蕴含的健康范式。
