Labrie Nanon H M, Ludolph Ramona, Schulz Peter J
Department of Medical Psychology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Institute of Communication & Health, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, USI, Via G. Buffi 13, CH-6904, Lugano, Switzerland.
BMC Cancer. 2017 Mar 21;17(1):209. doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3180-1.
The scientific and public debate concerning organized mammography screening is unprecedentedly strong. With research evidence concerning its efficacy being ambiguous, the recommendations pertaining to the age-thresholds for program inclusion vary between - and even within - countries. Data shows that young women who are not yet eligible for systematic screening, have opportunistic mammograms relatively often and, moreover, want to be included in organized programs. Yet, to date, little is known about the precise motivations underlying young women's desire and intentions to go for, not medically indicated, mammographic screening.
A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among women aged 30-49 years (n = 918) from Switzerland.
The findings show that high fear (β = .08, p ≤ .05), perceived susceptibility (β = .10, p ≤ .05), and ego-involvement (β = .34, p ≤ .001) are the main predictors of screening intentions among women who are not yet eligible for the systematic program. Also, geographical location (Swiss-French group: β = .15, p ≤ .001; Swiss-Italian group: β = .26, p ≤ .001) and age (β = .11, p ≤ .001) play a role. In turn, breast cancer knowledge, risk perceptions, and educational status do not have a significant impact.
Young women seem to differ inherently from those who are already eligible for systematic screening in terms of the factors underlying their intentions to engage in mammographic screening. Thus, when striving to promote adherence to systematic screening guidelines - whether based on unequivocal scientific evidence or policy decisions - and to allow women to make evidence-based, informed decisions about mammography, differential strategies are needed to reach different age-groups.
关于有组织的乳房X线筛查的科学和公众辩论空前激烈。由于有关其疗效的研究证据尚不明确，各国之间甚至一国之内，关于纳入该筛查项目的年龄阈值的建议都存在差异。数据显示，尚未符合系统筛查条件的年轻女性相对频繁地进行机会性乳房X线检查，而且她们希望被纳入有组织的筛查项目。然而，迄今为止，对于年轻女性进行非医学指征的乳房X线筛查的愿望和意图背后的确切动机知之甚少。
对来自瑞士的30至49岁女性（n = 918）进行了横断面在线调查。
研究结果表明，高度恐惧（β = 0.08，p≤0.05）、感知易感性（β = 0.10，p≤0.05）和自我卷入（β = 0.34，p≤0.001）是尚未符合系统筛查项目条件的女性筛查意愿的主要预测因素。此外，地理位置（瑞士法语组：β = 0.15，p≤0.001；瑞士意大利语组：β = 0.26，p≤0.001）和年龄（β = 0.11，p≤0.001）也起到一定作用。相反，乳腺癌知识、风险认知和教育程度没有显著影响。
在参与乳房X线筛查的意愿背后的因素方面，年轻女性似乎与已经符合系统筛查条件的女性存在本质差异。因此，在努力促进对系统筛查指南的遵守时——无论基于明确的科学证据还是政策决定——并让女性能够就乳房X线检查做出基于证据的明智决定，需要采取不同策略来针对不同年龄组。
