追踪阿尔茨海默病诊断之前的话语复杂性：一项比较罗纳德·里根总统和乔治·赫伯特·沃克·布什总统新闻发布会的案例研究。
Tracking discourse complexity preceding Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: a case study comparing the press conferences of Presidents Ronald Reagan and George Herbert Walker Bush.
作者信息
Berisha Visar, Wang Shuai, LaCross Amy, Liss Julie
机构信息
Department of Speech and Hearing Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
出版信息
J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;45(3):959-63. doi: 10.3233/JAD-142763.
Abstract
Changes in some lexical features of language have been associated with the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Here we describe a method to extract key features from discourse transcripts, which we evaluated on non-scripted news conferences from President Ronald Reagan, who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 1994, and President George Herbert Walker Bush, who has no known diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Key word counts previously associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease were extracted and regression analyses were conducted. President Reagan showed a significant reduction in the number of unique words over time and a significant increase in conversational fillers and non-specific nouns over time. There was no significant trend in these features for President Bush.
摘要
语言某些词汇特征的变化与阿尔茨海默病的发病及进展有关。在此，我们描述一种从话语转录本中提取关键特征的方法，我们在罗纳德·里根总统（1994年被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病）和乔治·赫伯特·沃克·布什总统（无阿尔茨海默病确诊记录）的非脚本新闻发布会记录上对该方法进行了评估。提取了先前与阿尔茨海默病认知衰退相关的关键词计数，并进行了回归分析。里根总统随着时间推移独特词汇数量显著减少，对话填充词和非特定名词数量随时间显著增加。布什总统在这些特征上没有显著趋势。
相似文献
1
Tracking discourse complexity preceding Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: a case study comparing the press conferences of Presidents Ronald Reagan and George Herbert Walker Bush.追踪阿尔茨海默病诊断之前的话语复杂性：一项比较罗纳德·里根总统和乔治·赫伯特·沃克·布什总统新闻发布会的案例研究。
J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;45(3):959-63. doi: 10.3233/JAD-142763.
2
An Empirical Analysis of Popular Press Claims Regarding Linguistic Change in President Donald J. Trump.关于唐纳德·J·特朗普总统语言变化的大众媒体报道的实证分析
Front Psychol. 2018 Nov 21;9:2311. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02311. eCollection 2018.
3
Did Reagan Decline?里根衰退了吗？
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;101(4):1261-1266. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240294.
4
The Generalizability of Longitudinal Changes in Speech Before Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis.阿尔茨海默病诊断前言语纵向变化的可推广性
J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;92(2):547-564. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220847.
5
Subtle Cognitive Decline and Biomarker Staging in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.临床前阿尔茨海默病的轻微认知衰退与生物标志物分期
J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;47(1):231-42. doi: 10.3233/JAD-150128.
6
Cognitive screening and neuropsychological assessment in early Alzheimer's disease.早期阿尔茨海默病的认知筛查与神经心理学评估
Clin Geriatr Med. 2001 May;17(2):229-54. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0690(05)70067-7.
7
Cognitive profiles in Alzheimer's disease.阿尔茨海默病的认知特征。
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Jan;75(1):4-5.
8
Cognitive correlates of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mild Alzheimer's dementia.轻度阿尔茨海默病患者中α4β2 型烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的认知相关性。
Brain. 2018 Jun 1;141(6):1840-1854. doi: 10.1093/brain/awy099.
9
Progressive impairment on neuropsychological tasks in a longitudinal study of preclinical Alzheimer's disease.在一项临床前阿尔茨海默病纵向研究中神经心理学任务的渐进性损害
Neuropsychology. 2007 Nov;21(6):696-705. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.21.6.696.
10
Semantic processing in connected speech at a uniformly early stage of autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer's disease.阿尔茨海默病尸检确诊病例中连贯言语的语义加工在早期阶段均一出现。
Neuropsychology. 2013 Jan;27(1):79-85. doi: 10.1037/a0031288.
引用本文的文献
1
The frequently impaired health of leaders of nuclear weapon states: an analysis of 51 deceased leaders.核武器国家领导人频繁受损的健康状况：对51位已故领导人的分析
BMC Res Notes. 2025 Jul 8;18(1):278. doi: 10.1186/s13104-025-07351-8.
2
Relationship between language features extracted through NLP and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in Slovak.通过自然语言处理提取的语言特征与斯洛伐克语临床诊断的阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍之间的关系。
Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2025 May 19;17(2):e70122. doi: 10.1002/dad2.70122. eCollection 2025 Apr-Jun.
3
Structural Cerebral Correlates of Perplexity: Exploring a Linguistic Marker in Cognitive Aging.困惑的大脑结构关联：探索认知衰老中的一种语言标记
Psych J. 2025 Jun;14(3):407-416. doi: 10.1002/pchj.70010. Epub 2025 Mar 14.
4
Access to context-specific lexical-semantic information during discourse tasks differentiates speakers with latent aphasia, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitively healthy adults.在话语任务中获取特定语境的词汇语义信息，可区分患有潜在失语症、轻度认知障碍的说话者以及认知健康的成年人。
Front Hum Neurosci. 2025 Jan 22;18:1500735. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1500735. eCollection 2024.
5
Ethics in digital phenotyping: considerations regarding Alzheimer's disease, speech and artificial intelligence.数字表型分析中的伦理：关于阿尔茨海默病、语音与人工智能的考量
J Med Ethics. 2025 Jan 31. doi: 10.1136/jme-2024-110252.
6
Natural language processing-based classification of early Alzheimer's disease from connected speech.基于自然语言处理的早期阿尔茨海默病与连贯言语的分类。
Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Feb;21(2):e14530. doi: 10.1002/alz.14530. Epub 2025 Jan 27.
7
The impact of headache intensity on speech in participants with migraine and acute post-traumatic headache.偏头痛和急性创伤后头痛患者中头痛强度对言语的影响。
Headache. 2025 Mar;65(3):506-515. doi: 10.1111/head.14809. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
8
Open Brain AI and language assessment.开放式脑人工智能与语言评估。
Front Hum Neurosci. 2024 Aug 6;18:1421435. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1421435. eCollection 2024.
9
Responsible development of clinical speech AI: Bridging the gap between clinical research and technology.临床语音人工智能的负责任开发：弥合临床研究与技术之间的差距。
NPJ Digit Med. 2024 Aug 9;7(1):208. doi: 10.1038/s41746-024-01199-1.
10
Disintegration at the Syntax-Semantics Interface in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: New Evidence from Complex Sentence Anaphora in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI).前驱期阿尔茨海默病中句法-语义接口的解体：来自遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）复杂句子指代的新证据。
J Neurolinguistics. 2024 May;70. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2023.101190. Epub 2023 Dec 30.
本文引用的文献
1
The 9 year cognitive decline before dementia of the Alzheimer type: a prospective population-based study.阿尔茨海默病型痴呆症出现前9年的认知衰退：一项基于人群的前瞻性研究。
Brain. 2005 May;128(Pt 5):1093-101. doi: 10.1093/brain/awh451. Epub 2005 Mar 17.
2
Early life linguistic ability, late life cognitive function, and neuropathology: findings from the Nun Study.早年语言能力、晚年认知功能与神经病理学：修女研究的发现
Neurobiol Aging. 2005 Mar;26(3):341-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.06.019.
3
Aging and vocabulary scores: a meta-analysis.衰老与词汇得分：一项荟萃分析。
Psychol Aging. 2003 Jun;18(2):332-9. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.332.
4
Longitudinal change in language production: effects of aging and dementia on grammatical complexity and propositional content.语言产出的纵向变化：衰老和痴呆对语法复杂性及命题内容的影响。
Psychol Aging. 2001 Dec;16(4):600-14. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.16.4.600.
5
The rise and fall of frequency and imageability: noun and verb production in semantic dementia.频率与可想象性的起伏：语义性痴呆中的名词和动词生成
Brain Lang. 2000 Jun 1;73(1):17-49. doi: 10.1006/brln.2000.2293.
6
Cognitive markers preceding Alzheimer's dementia in the healthy oldest old.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1997 May;45(5):584-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb03091.x.
7
8
Concreteness, imagery, and meaningfulness values for 925 nouns.925个名词的具体性、意象性和意义性数值
J Exp Psychol. 1968 Jan;76(1):Suppl:1-25. doi: 10.1037/h0025327.
9
Empty speech in Alzheimer's disease and fluent aphasia.阿尔茨海默病中的空话及流畅性失语
J Speech Hear Res. 1985 Sep;28(3):405-10. doi: 10.1044/jshr.2803.405.
10
Semantic abilities in dementia of the Alzheimer type. II. Grammatical semantics.
Brain Lang. 1989 May;36(4):533-42. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(89)90084-9.
Zotero 插件