Ekberg Kerstin, Wåhlin Charlotte, Persson Jan, Bernfort Lars, Öberg Birgitta
Department of Medicine and Health, National Centre for Work and Rehabilitation, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden,
J Occup Rehabil. 2015 Sep;25(3):627-37. doi: 10.1007/s10926-015-9570-9.
The study aims to identify individual and workplace factors associated with early return to work (RTW)-defined as within 3 months-and factors associated with later RTW-between 3 and 12 months after being sick-listed-in a cohort of newly sick-listed individuals with common mental disorders.
In a prospective cohort study, a cross-sectional analysis was performed on baseline measures of patients granted sick leave due to common mental disorders. A total of 533 newly sick-listed individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate. A baseline questionnaire was sent by post within 3 weeks of their first day of certified medical sickness; 354 (66%) responded. Those who were unemployed were excluded, resulting in a study population of 319 individuals. Sick leave was recorded for each individual from the Social Insurance Office during 1 year. Analyses were made with multiple Cox regression analyses.
Early RTW was associated with lower education, better work ability at baseline, positive expectations of treatment and low perceived interactional justice with the supervisor. RTW after 3 months was associated with a need to reduce demands at work, and turnover intentions.
Early RTW among sick-listed individuals with common mental disorders seems to be associated with the individual's need to secure her/his employment situation, whereas later RTW is associated with variables reflecting dissatisfaction with work conditions. No health measures were associated with RTW. The study highlights the importance of considering not only health and functioning, but also workplace conditions and relations at the workplace in implementing RTW interventions.
本研究旨在确定与提前复工（定义为在3个月内）相关的个人因素和工作场所因素，以及与复工较晚（病假登记后3至12个月）相关的因素，研究对象为一组患有常见精神障碍的新登记病假人员。
在一项前瞻性队列研究中，对因常见精神障碍而请病假的患者的基线测量数据进行了横断面分析。共有533名新登记病假人员符合纳入标准并同意参与。在他们获得医学证明病假的第一天起3周内通过邮寄方式发送了一份基线调查问卷；354人（66%）做出了回应。排除失业人员，最终研究人群为319人。从社会保险办公室记录了每个人1年的病假情况。采用多重Cox回归分析进行分析。
提前复工与较低的教育程度、基线时较好的工作能力、对治疗的积极期望以及对上级较低的感知互动公平性相关。3个月后的复工与减少工作要求的需求以及离职意向相关。
患有常见精神障碍的病假人员提前复工似乎与个人保障其就业状况的需求相关，而较晚复工则与反映对工作条件不满的变量相关。没有健康措施与复工相关。该研究强调了在实施复工干预措施时，不仅要考虑健康和功能，还要考虑工作场所条件和工作场所关系的重要性。
