Webb Christian A, DelDonno Sophie, Killgore William D S
Harvard Medical School - McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, United States.
Intelligence. 2014 May-June;44:112-119. doi: 10.1016/j.intell.2014.03.008.
Debate persists regarding the relative role of cognitive versus emotional processes in driving successful performance on the widely used Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). From the time of its initial development, patterns of IGT performance were commonly interpreted as primarily reflecting implicit, emotion-based processes. Surprisingly, little research has tried to directly compare the extent to which measures tapping relevant cognitive versus emotional competencies predict IGT performance in the same study. The current investigation attempts to address this question by comparing patterns of associations between IGT performance, cognitive intelligence (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence; WASI) and three commonly employed measures of emotional intelligence (EI; Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, MSCEIT; Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory, EQ-i; Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Scale, SREIS). Results indicated that IGT performance was more strongly associated with cognitive, than emotional, intelligence. To the extent that the IGT indeed mimics "real-world" decision-making, our findings, coupled with the results of existing research, may highlight the role of deliberate, cognitive capacities over implicit, emotional processes in contributing to at least some domains of decision-making relevant to everyday life.
关于认知过程与情感过程在广泛使用的爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）中推动成功表现的相对作用，争论仍在继续。从其最初开发之时起，IGT表现模式通常被解释为主要反映基于情感的隐性过程。令人惊讶的是，很少有研究试图在同一研究中直接比较衡量相关认知能力与情感能力的指标对IGT表现的预测程度。当前的调查试图通过比较IGT表现、认知智力（韦氏简版智力量表；WASI）和三种常用的情商（EI）测量方法（梅耶-萨洛维-卡鲁索情商测验，MSCEIT；巴昂情商量表，EQ-i；自评情商量表，SREIS）之间的关联模式来解决这个问题。结果表明，IGT表现与认知智力的关联比与情感智力的关联更强。就IGT确实模拟“现实世界”决策而言，我们的研究结果，再加上现有研究的结果，可能凸显了深思熟虑的认知能力相对于隐性情感过程在至少某些与日常生活相关的决策领域中的作用。
