Martel Michelle M, von Eye Alexander, Nigg Joel
University of New Orleans, USA.
Michigan State University, USA.
Int J Behav Dev. 2012 Jul;36(4):279-292. doi: 10.1177/0165025412444077.
The current paper utilizes a bifactor modeling approach to evaluate the structure of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood and assess developmental continuity of ADHD structure between childhood and adulthood. The study compared traditional one-factor, two-factor, three-factor, and second-order factor models of ADHD with a bifactor model of ADHD. Developmental differences in ADHD structure were examined using an extension of the bifactor model: a two-group model comparing children and adults. Participants were 406 adults (49% male; 145 of 406 with ADHD), (18 to 37) years old, and 548 children (58% male; 302 of 548 with ADHD), 6 to 18 years old. A bifactor model of ADHD exhibited the best fit in adults and children compared to traditional models, suggesting continuity in the ADHD latent construct across development. However, significant differences in the factor loadings were evident between children and adults in the two-group bifactor model, suggesting changes in the relative importance of particular symptoms over time. Namely, hyperactivity symptoms appear to decline in importance relative to the ADHD phenotype between childhood and adulthood.
本文采用双因素建模方法来评估成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的结构，并评估儿童期和成人期ADHD结构的发育连续性。该研究将ADHD的传统单因素、双因素、三因素和二阶因素模型与ADHD的双因素模型进行了比较。使用双因素模型的扩展形式——比较儿童和成人的两组模型，来检验ADHD结构的发育差异。参与者包括406名成年人（49%为男性；406名中有145名患有ADHD），年龄在18至37岁之间，以及548名儿童（58%为男性；548名中有302名患有ADHD），年龄在6至18岁之间。与传统模型相比，ADHD的双因素模型在成人和儿童中显示出最佳拟合，表明ADHD潜在结构在整个发育过程中具有连续性。然而，在两组双因素模型中，儿童和成人之间的因素负荷存在显著差异，表明特定症状的相对重要性随时间发生了变化。具体而言，相对于ADHD表型，多动症状在儿童期到成人期的重要性似乎有所下降。
