Dong Jian, Zhang Fei-Yu, Wu Guang-Hui, Zhang Wei, Yin Jian
Department of Stomatology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2015 Feb 5;128(3):342-7. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.150100.
The thickness of the alveolar mucosa influences the probability of the occurrence of denture-induced irritations. Thick denture-supporting tissues offer relief from mucosal tenderness and ulcers; however, the uniformity of the thickness across the entire mandibular alveolar mucosa cannot be accurately determined in edentulous patients. This study aimed to assess the mucosal thickness of the denture-bearing area in the edentulous mandible.
Twenty-seven edentulous patients underwent cone-beam computed tomography scanning, wherein the patients wore a record base to retract soft tissues away from the alveolar mucosa. The measured regions were the central incisor (IC), lateral incisor (IL), canine (Ca), first premolar (P1), second premolar (P2), first molar (M1), and second molar (M2) regions. The thickness was measured in the alveolar ridge crest (T), buccal (B1-B4), and lingual (L1-L4) alveolar ridge mucosa. The average thickness of the mucosa at buccal sides (B) and lingual sides (L) were also assessed.
The differences in the mucosal thickness between the left and right sides were not significant. In the Ca-M2 regions, T was the thickest, and L3 was the thinnest of all the measured points in the same regions. L was significantly less than B in posterior regions (P < 0.01). On the other hand, M2 at L4 was thinnest of all the measured regions from Ca to M2 (P < 0.01), and was thicker than IC, IL, P1, and P2 at B2.
Since the mucosal thickness of denture-bearing area in the edentulous mandible is not uniform; the tissue surface of the denture base or custom tray should be selectively relieved, which may reduce the risk of denture-induced irritations.
牙槽黏膜的厚度会影响义齿引发刺激的概率。较厚的义齿支持组织可缓解黏膜压痛和溃疡；然而，无牙颌患者整个下颌牙槽黏膜厚度的均匀性无法准确测定。本研究旨在评估无牙颌下颌骨义齿承托区的黏膜厚度。
27例无牙颌患者接受锥形束计算机断层扫描，扫描时患者佩戴记录基托以使软组织从牙槽黏膜退缩。测量区域为中切牙（IC）、侧切牙（IL）、尖牙（Ca）、第一前磨牙（P1）、第二前磨牙（P2）、第一磨牙（M1）和第二磨牙（M2）区域。在牙槽嵴顶（T）、颊侧（B1 - B4）和舌侧（L1 - L4）牙槽嵴黏膜测量厚度。还评估了颊侧（B）和舌侧（L）黏膜的平均厚度。
左右两侧黏膜厚度差异不显著。在尖牙至第二磨牙区域，T在所有测量点中最厚，L3在相同区域中最薄。在后部区域，L显著小于B（P < 0.01）。另一方面，从尖牙到第二磨牙的所有测量区域中，L4处的第二磨牙最薄（P < 0.01），且在B2处比中切牙、侧切牙、第一前磨牙和第二前磨牙厚。
由于无牙颌下颌骨义齿承托区的黏膜厚度不均匀；义齿基托或定制托盘的组织面应进行选择性缓冲，这可能会降低义齿引发刺激的风险。
