Beerntsen B T, Luckhart S, Christensen B M
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
J Parasitol. 1989 Feb;75(1):76-81.
The inherent ability of Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi (Nematoda) to establish successful relationships with the mosquitoes Armigeres subalbatus and Aedes aegypti Liverpool strain was evaluated. Brugia pahangi microfilariae (mff) avoided the immune response and developed normally in A. subalbatus exposed to the parasite by an infective bloodmeal, whereas nearly 85% of B. malayi were destroyed by the immune response. Because A. aegypti supports the development of both filarial worm species but destroys intrathoracically inoculated B. pahangi isolated from jird blood, blood-isolated B. malayi were inoculated into A. aegypti, and the immune response was compared with that observed against B. pahangi. The response against B. malayi was significantly more rapid and effective than the response against B. pahangi. Similar results were obtained when blood-isolated B. pahangi or B. malayi were inoculated into A. subalbatus. Microfilariae of both species were able to avoid immune destruction in A. aegypti if they were allowed to penetrate the Liverpool midgut in vitro prior to inoculation. Most B. pahangi that had first penetrated an Armigeres midgut prior to inoculation into A. subalbatus were able to avoid the immune response, but by day 3 postinoculation, less than 40% of the B. malayi, treated in the same manner, were able to escape the immune response. Genetic susceptibility of mosquitoes to infection by filarial worms and potential mechanisms of immune evasion/suppression are discussed regarding B. malayi and B. pahangi.
对马来布鲁线虫和彭亨布鲁线虫（线虫纲）与骚扰阿蚊和埃及伊蚊利物浦品系成功建立寄生关系的内在能力进行了评估。彭亨布鲁线虫微丝蚴可避免免疫反应，并在通过感染性血餐接触该寄生虫的骚扰阿蚊体内正常发育，而近85%的马来布鲁线虫会被免疫反应破坏。由于埃及伊蚊能支持两种丝虫的发育，但会破坏从沙鼠血液中分离并经胸腔接种的彭亨布鲁线虫，因此将从血液中分离的马来布鲁线虫接种到埃及伊蚊体内，并将免疫反应与针对彭亨布鲁线虫的免疫反应进行比较。针对马来布鲁线虫的免疫反应比针对彭亨布鲁线虫的反应显著更快且更有效。当将从血液中分离的彭亨布鲁线虫或马来布鲁线虫接种到骚扰阿蚊体内时，也获得了类似结果。如果两种丝虫的微丝蚴在接种前先在体外穿透利物浦品系埃及伊蚊的中肠，它们就能避免在埃及伊蚊体内被免疫破坏。大多数在接种到骚扰阿蚊体内之前先穿透了阿蚊中肠的彭亨布鲁线虫能够避免免疫反应，但在接种后第3天，以同样方式处理的马来布鲁线虫中，只有不到40%能够逃避免疫反应。文中还讨论了蚊虫对丝虫感染的遗传易感性以及马来布鲁线虫和彭亨布鲁线虫免疫逃避/抑制的潜在机制。
