Dalrymple-Alford John C, Harland Bruce, Loukavenko Elena A, Perry Brook, Mercer Stephanie, Collings David A, Ulrich Katharina, Abraham Wickliffe C, McNaughton Neil, Wolff Mathieu
New Zealand Brain Research Institute, and Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
New Zealand Brain Research Institute, and Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Jul;54:145-60. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.007. Epub 2015 Jan 29.
Injury to the anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) and their neural connections is the most consistent neuropathology associated with diencephalic amnesia. ATN lesions in rats produce memory impairments that support a key role for this region within an extended hippocampal system of complex overlapping neural connections. Environmental enrichment is a therapeutic tool that produces substantial, although incomplete, recovery of memory function after ATN lesions, even after the lesion-induced deficit has become established. Similarly, the neurotrophic agent cerebrolysin, also counters the negative effects of ATN lesions. ATN lesions substantially reduce c-Fos expression and spine density in the retrosplenial cortex, and reduce spine density on CA1 neurons; only the latter is reversed by enrichment. We discuss the implications of this evidence for the cognitive thalamus, with a proposal that there are genuine interactions among different but allied thalamo-cortical systems that go beyond a simple summation of their separate effects.
丘脑前核（ATN）及其神经连接受损是与间脑失忆症相关的最一致的神经病理学表现。大鼠的ATN损伤会导致记忆障碍，这支持了该区域在复杂重叠神经连接的扩展海马系统中的关键作用。环境富集是一种治疗手段，即使在损伤引起的缺陷已经形成后，它也能使ATN损伤后的记忆功能得到显著但不完全的恢复。同样，神经营养药物脑蛋白水解物也能对抗ATN损伤的负面影响。ATN损伤会显著降低脾后皮质中的c-Fos表达和棘密度，并降低CA1神经元上的棘密度；只有后者可通过富集得到逆转。我们讨论了这一证据对认知丘脑的影响，并提出不同但相关的丘脑-皮质系统之间存在真正的相互作用，这种相互作用不仅仅是它们各自作用的简单累加。
