Xie Chunyan, Xie Zhisheng, Xu Xinjun, Yang Depo
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, PR China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Apr 2;163:229-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.007. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves, known as Shi Ye (in Chinese), have a long history as a Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of ischemia stroke, angina, internal hemorrhage, hypertension, atherosclerosis and some infectious diseases, etc. Additionally, persimmon leaves could be used as healthy products, cosmetics and so on, which have become increasingly popular in Asia, such as Japan, Korea and China etc.
The present paper reviewed the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, analytical methods, biological activities and toxicology of persimmon leaves in order to assess the ethnopharmacological use and to explore therapeutic potentials and future opportunities for research.
Information on persimmon leaves were gathered via the Internet (using Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Pudmed, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE) and libraries. Additionally, information was also obtained from some local books.
Persimmon leaves have played an important role in Chinese system of medicines. The main compositions of persimmon leaves were flavonoids, terpenoids, etc. Scientific studies on extracts and formulations revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, antidiabetic, antibacterial, hemostasis activities and effects on cardiovascular system. Based on the pharmacological activities, persimmon leaves were widely used in clinic including treatment of cardiovascular disease, hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and beauty treatment.
Persimmon leaves probably have therapeutic potential in the prevention and treatment for cerebral arteriosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension. It showed significant neuroprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, it can regulate immune function and inhibite inflammation. Further investigations are needed to explore individual bioactive compounds responsible for these pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo and the mode of actions. Further safety assessments and clinical trials should be performed before it can be integrated into medicinal practices.
柿叶，在中国被称为“柿叶”，作为一种治疗缺血性中风、心绞痛、内出血、高血压、动脉粥样硬化及某些传染病等的中药有着悠久的历史。此外，柿叶还可用作保健品、化妆品等，在亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国等越来越受欢迎。
本文综述了柿叶的民族药理学、植物化学、分析方法、生物活性和毒理学，以评估其民族药理学用途，并探索其治疗潜力和未来的研究机会。
通过互联网（使用谷歌学术、百度学术、爱思唯尔、美国化学学会、PubMed、科学网、中国知网和EMBASE）和图书馆收集有关柿叶的信息。此外，还从一些地方书籍中获取信息。
柿叶在中国医药体系中发挥了重要作用。柿叶的主要成分是黄酮类、萜类等。对提取物和制剂的科学研究揭示了其广泛的药理活性，如抗氧化、降血脂、抗糖尿病、抗菌、止血活性以及对心血管系统的作用。基于这些药理活性，柿叶在临床上被广泛应用，包括治疗心血管疾病、止血、抗菌、抗炎和美容。
柿叶在预防和治疗脑动脉硬化、糖尿病、高血压方面可能具有治疗潜力。它在体内和体外对缺血/再灌注损伤均显示出显著的神经保护作用。此外，它还能调节免疫功能并抑制炎症。需要进一步研究以探索在体内和体外负责这些药理作用的单个生物活性化合物及其作用方式。在将其纳入医学实践之前，应进行进一步的安全性评估和临床试验。
