光遗传学刺激听觉通路的研究与未来的假肢
Optogenetic stimulation of the auditory pathway for research and future prosthetics.
机构信息
Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and Collaborative Research Center 889, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
出版信息
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2015 Oct;34:29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.004. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Sound is encoded by spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the hearing organ, the cochlea, with great temporal, spectral and intensity resolution. When hearing fails, electric stimulation by implanted prostheses can partially restore hearing. Optical stimulation promises a fundamental advance of hearing restoration over electric prostheses since light can be conveniently focused and hence might dramatically improve frequency resolution of sound encoding. Combining optogenetic manipulation of neurons with innovative optical stimulation technology promises versatile spatiotemporal stimulation patterns in the auditory system. Therefore, using optical stimulation of SGNs also has great potential for auditory research. Here, I review recent progress in optogenetic stimulation of the auditory system and its potential for future application in research and hearing restoration.
声音由听觉器官——耳蜗中的螺旋神经节神经元（SGNs）进行编码，具有很高的时间、频谱和强度分辨率。当听力丧失时，植入式假体的电刺激可以部分恢复听力。光刺激有望在听力恢复方面取得比电假体更大的进展，因为光可以方便地聚焦，从而可以极大地提高声音编码的频率分辨率。将神经元的光遗传学操作与创新的光学刺激技术相结合，有望在听觉系统中实现多功能的时空刺激模式。因此，利用 SGN 的光刺激也具有很大的听觉研究潜力。在这里，我回顾了最近在听觉系统的光遗传学刺激方面的进展，以及它在未来的研究和听力恢复应用中的潜力。
Zotero 插件