解决学术医学中的差异：少数群体税是怎么回事？
Addressing disparities in academic medicine: what of the minority tax?
作者信息
Rodríguez José E, Campbell Kendall M, Pololi Linda H
机构信息
The Center for Underrepresented Minorities in Academic Medicine at The Florida State University College of Medicine, 1115 West Call Street#3210 M, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Women's Studies Research Center, Mailstop 079, Waltham, MA, 02454-9110, USA.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2015 Feb 1;15:6. doi: 10.1186/s12909-015-0290-9.
BACKGROUND
The proportion of black, Latino, and Native American faculty in U.S. academic medical centers has remained almost unchanged over the last 20 years. Some authors credit the "minority tax"-the burden of extra responsibilities placed on minority faculty in the name of diversity. This tax is in reality very complex, and a major source of inequity in academic medicine.
DISCUSSION
The "minority tax" is better described as an Underrepresented Minority in Medicine (URMM) faculty responsibility disparity. This disparity is evident in many areas: diversity efforts, racism, isolation, mentorship, clinical responsibilities, and promotion. The authors examine the components of the URMM responsibility disparity and use information from the medical literature and from human resources to suggest practical steps that can be taken by academic leaders and policymakers to move toward establishing faculty equity and thus increase the numbers of black, Latino, and Native American faculty in academic medicine.
背景
在过去20年里，美国学术医疗中心的黑人、拉丁裔和美国原住民教员比例几乎没有变化。一些作者将此归因于“少数族裔税”——以多元化之名加在少数族裔教员身上的额外责任负担。实际上，这种税非常复杂，是学术医学中不公平的一个主要来源。
讨论
“少数族裔税”更宜被描述为医学领域代表性不足的少数族裔（URMM）教员责任差异。这种差异在许多方面都很明显：多元化努力、种族主义、孤立、指导、临床责任和晋升。作者们研究了URMM责任差异的构成要素，并利用医学文献和人力资源方面的信息，提出学术领导者和政策制定者可以采取的切实步骤，以朝着建立教员公平性迈进，从而增加学术医学领域黑人、拉丁裔和美国原住民教员的数量。
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