Haltigan John D, Roisman Glenn I
University of Ottawa.
Infant Ment Health J. 2015 Jan-Feb;36(1):30-41. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21479. Epub 2014 Oct 12.
Based on data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1,149), the current article provides the first large-sample investigation of associations between different forms of infant attachment insecurity and dissociative symptomatology from childhood through midadolescence as measured by scales based on the mother, teacher, and youth self-report versions of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessments. Findings did not replicate the previously reported and highly cited evidence that infant attachment disorganization is associated with dissociative symptomatology. In contrast, correlations of small magnitude were observed between infant avoidance and dissociative symptomatology, as assessed by teachers and mothers (but not self-report). Results were not moderated by contextual risk. Limitations of the study included the absence of measures of maltreatment and interpersonal trauma, leaving open the possibility that infant attachment disorganization is a diathesis for later dissociation in the context of severe and/or chronic trauma. Nevertheless, the present results strongly indicate the need for additional research exploring the possible role of environmental factors in the development of dissociative symptomatology.
基于美国国立儿童健康与人类发展研究所（NICHD）早期儿童保育与青少年发展研究的数据（N = 1,149），本文首次对不同形式的婴儿依恋不安全感与从童年到青春期中期的分离症状之间的关联进行了大样本调查，这些关联通过基于阿肯巴克实证评估系统的母亲、教师和青少年自我报告版本的量表来衡量。研究结果并未重现先前报道且被高度引用的证据，即婴儿依恋紊乱与分离症状有关。相反，在教师和母亲（而非自我报告）评估的情况下，观察到婴儿回避与分离症状之间存在小程度的相关性。结果不受情境风险的调节。该研究的局限性包括缺乏虐待和人际创伤的测量，这使得婴儿依恋紊乱在严重和/或慢性创伤背景下可能是后期分离的素质这一可能性仍然存在。尽管如此，目前的结果强烈表明需要进行更多研究，以探索环境因素在分离症状发展中的可能作用。
