Eades Claire E, Styles Maggie, Leese Graham P, Cheyne Helen, Evans Josie Mm
School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinolog, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, DD1 9SY, Dundee, UK.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015 Feb 3;15:11. doi: 10.1186/s12884-015-0457-8.
The aim of this study was to investigate long-term risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) following a diagnosis of gestational diabetes and to identify factors that were associated with increased risk of T2D.
An observational cohort design was used, following up all women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) attending a Diabetes Antenatal Clinic in the Dundee and Angus region of Scotland between 1994 and 2004 for a subsequent diagnosis of T2D, as recorded on SCI-DC (a comprehensive diabetes clinical information system).
There were 164 women in the study who were followed up until 2012. One quarter developed T2D after a pregnancy with GDM in a mean time period of around eight years. Factors associated with a higher risk of developing T2D after GDM were increased weight during pregnancy, use of insulin during pregnancy, higher glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels at diagnosis of GDM, and fasting blood glucose.
These findings suggest there is a viable time window to prevent progression from GDM to T2D and highlights those women who are at the greatest risk and should therefore be prioritised for preventative intervention.
本研究旨在调查妊娠糖尿病诊断后2型糖尿病（T2D）的长期风险，并确定与T2D风险增加相关的因素。
采用观察性队列设计，对1994年至2004年间在苏格兰邓迪和安格斯地区糖尿病产前诊所诊断为妊娠糖尿病（GDM）的所有女性进行随访，以获取随后在SCI-DC（一个全面的糖尿病临床信息系统）上记录的T2D诊断情况。
该研究中有164名女性被随访至2012年。四分之一的女性在妊娠合并GDM后平均约八年时间内发展为T2D。与GDM后发生T2D风险较高相关的因素包括孕期体重增加、孕期使用胰岛素、GDM诊断时较高的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平以及空腹血糖。
这些发现表明存在一个可行的时间窗口来预防从GDM进展为T2D，并突出了那些风险最高的女性，因此应优先对其进行预防性干预。
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