Pinto Stephanie S, Alberton Cristine L, Bagatini Natália C, Zaffari Paula, Cadore Eduardo L, Radaelli Régis, Baroni Bruno M, Lanferdini Fábio J, Ferrari Rodrigo, Kanitz Ana Carolina, Pinto Ronei S, Vaz Marco Aurélio, Kruel Luiz Fernando M
Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
Age (Dordr). 2015 Feb;37(1):9751. doi: 10.1007/s11357-015-9751-7. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
This study investigated the effects of different exercise sequences on the neuromuscular adaptations induced by water-based concurrent training in postmenopausal women. Twenty-one healthy postmenopausal women (57.14 ± 2.43 years) were randomly placed into two water-based concurrent training groups: resistance training prior to (RA, n = 10) or after (AR, n = 11) aerobic training. Subjects performed resistance and aerobic training twice a week over 12 weeks, performing both exercise types in the same training session. Upper (elbow flexors) and lower-body (knee extensors) one-repetition maximal test (1RM) and peak torque (PT) (knee extensors) were evaluated. The muscle thickness (MT) of upper (biceps brachii) and lower-body (vastus lateralis) was determined by ultrasonography. Moreover, the maximal and submaximal (neuromuscular economy) electromyographic activity (EMG) of lower-body (vastus lateralis and rectus femoris) was measured. Both RA and AR groups increased the upper- and lower-body 1RM and PT, while the lower-body 1RM increases observed in the RA was greater than AR (34.62 ± 13.51 vs. 14.16 ± 13.68 %). RA and AR showed similar MT increases in upper- and lower-body muscles evaluated. In addition, significant improvements in the maximal and submaximal EMG of lower-body muscles in both RA and AR were found, with no differences between groups. Both exercise sequences in water-based concurrent training presented relevant improvements to promote health and physical fitness in postmenopausal women. However, the exercise sequence resistance-aerobic optimizes the strength gains in lower limbs.
本研究调查了不同运动顺序对绝经后女性水基同步训练诱导的神经肌肉适应性的影响。21名健康的绝经后女性（57.14±2.43岁）被随机分为两个水基同步训练组：先进行阻力训练（RA组，n = 10）或先进行有氧训练（AR组，n = 11）。受试者每周进行两次阻力训练和有氧训练，共12周，在同一训练时段内完成两种运动类型。评估上肢（肘屈肌）和下肢（膝伸肌）的一次重复最大测试（1RM）和峰值扭矩（PT）（膝伸肌）。通过超声检查确定上肢（肱二头肌）和下肢（股外侧肌）的肌肉厚度（MT）。此外，测量下肢（股外侧肌和股直肌）的最大和次最大（神经肌肉经济性）肌电图活动（EMG）。RA组和AR组的上肢和下肢1RM及PT均增加，而RA组下肢1RM的增加幅度大于AR组（34.62±13.51%对14.16±13.68%）。RA组和AR组在上肢和下肢肌肉MT增加方面表现相似。此外，RA组和AR组下肢肌肉的最大和次最大EMG均有显著改善，两组之间无差异。水基同步训练中的两种运动顺序均对促进绝经后女性的健康和体能有显著改善。然而，先阻力后有氧的运动顺序能优化下肢力量增长。
