Reilley Matthew James, Pagliaro Lance C
Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St., Unit 1374, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2015 Feb;17(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11912-014-0430-0.
Testicular germ cell tumors represent the most common malignancy among young men. While 5-year overall survival and cure for this population is greater than 95%, choriocarcinoma is an aggressive subtype of this disease with far worse prognosis--5-year survival for choriocarcinoma is less than 80%. In order to be able to treat these patients appropriately, a provider must recognize characteristic features of choriocarcinoma including elevated human chorionic gonadotropin in a young man with testicular mass; the astute clinician should also know the signs and symptoms of choriocarcinoma syndrome, characterized by bleeding from metastatic sites, which represents a medical emergency and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Treatment should be directed towards a goal of tumor marker normalization, and patients with refractory disease should be considered for advanced therapies and clinical trials. Choriocarcinoma is a unique and aggressive germ cell malignancy, and these patients require early aggressive treatment to improve their chance of survival.
睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤是年轻男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。虽然该群体的5年总生存率和治愈率超过95%，但绒毛膜癌是这种疾病的一种侵袭性亚型，预后要差得多——绒毛膜癌的5年生存率不到80%。为了能够恰当地治疗这些患者，医疗人员必须认识到绒毛膜癌的特征，包括患有睾丸肿块的年轻男性人绒毛膜促性腺激素升高；敏锐的临床医生还应了解绒毛膜癌综合征的体征和症状，其特征为转移部位出血，这是一种医疗急症，与高发病率和死亡率相关。治疗应旨在使肿瘤标志物恢复正常，难治性疾病患者应考虑接受先进治疗和参加临床试验。绒毛膜癌是一种独特的侵袭性生殖细胞恶性肿瘤，这些患者需要早期积极治疗以提高生存几率。
