Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Health and Medical Psychology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sleep Med Rev. 2015 Oct;23:10-9. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.010. Epub 2014 Nov 10.
Workers often attribute poor sleep to factors at work. Despite the large number of workers with sleep disturbances, there is a lack of consensus on the relationship between the work environment and sleep. The purpose of this systematic review therefore was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation. To this end, we employed standardized methods to systematically locate, review, and tabulate the results of prospective or randomized studies of the impact of work factors on sleep disturbances. From the 7981 articles located in five databases, 24 fulfilled our inclusion criteria and formed the base of the review including meta-analyses of the effect sizes. Results showed that the psychosocial work variables of social support at work, control, and organizational justice were related to fewer sleep disturbances, while high work demands, job strain, bullying, and effort-reward imbalance were related to more future sleep disturbances. Moreover, working a steady shift was associated with disturbances while exiting shift work was associated with less disturbed sleep. We conclude that psychosocial work factors and the scheduling of work have an impact on sleep disturbances and this might be utilized in the clinic as well as for planning work environments. Future research needs to employ better methodology and focus on underlying mechanisms.
工人常将睡眠质量差归因于工作中的各种因素。尽管有大量工人存在睡眠障碍，但对于工作环境与睡眠之间的关系，尚未达成共识。因此，本系统综述旨在进行全面评估。为此，我们采用标准化方法，系统地定位、审查和总结了关于工作因素对睡眠障碍影响的前瞻性或随机研究的结果。从五个数据库中检索到的 7981 篇文章中，有 24 篇符合纳入标准，并形成了综述的基础，包括对效应大小的荟萃分析。结果表明，工作中的社会支持、控制和组织公平等心理社会工作变量与较少的睡眠障碍有关，而高工作要求、工作压力、欺凌和努力-回报失衡与未来更多的睡眠障碍有关。此外，稳定的轮班工作与睡眠障碍有关，而退出轮班工作与睡眠障碍较少有关。我们的结论是，心理社会工作因素和工作安排对睡眠障碍有影响，这在临床和工作环境规划中都可以加以利用。未来的研究需要采用更好的方法，并关注潜在的机制。
