Department of Gastroenterology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Level 6 The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Mar;12(3):133-46. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2015.11. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
The current general interest in the use of food choice or diet in maintaining good health and in preventing and treating disease also applies to patients with IBD, who often follow poor or nutritionally challenging dietary plans. Unfortunately, dietary advice plays only a minor part in published guidelines for management of IBD, which sends a message that diet is not of great importance. However, a considerable evidence base supports a focused and serious attention to nutrition and diet in patients with IBD. In this Review, a step-wise approach in the evaluation and management of these patients is proposed. First, dietary intake and eating habits as well as current nutritional state should be documented, and corrective measures instituted. Secondly, dietary strategies as primary or adjunctive therapy for the reduction of inflammation and/or prevention of relapse of IBD should be seriously contemplated. Thirdly, use of diet to improve symptoms or lessen the effects of complications should be considered. Finally, dietary advice regarding disease prevention should be discussed when relevant. An increasing need exists for applying improved methodologies into establishing the value of current and new ways of using food choice as a therapeutic and preventive tool in IBD.
当前人们普遍关注通过选择食物或饮食来保持健康、预防和治疗疾病，这同样适用于患有炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的患者，他们通常遵循不良或营养挑战的饮食计划。不幸的是，饮食建议在 IBD 管理的已发表指南中仅占很小的一部分，这传达了一个信息，即饮食不是非常重要。然而，大量证据支持在 IBD 患者中关注营养和饮食。在这篇综述中，提出了一种逐步评估和管理这些患者的方法。首先，应记录患者的饮食摄入和饮食习惯以及当前的营养状况，并采取纠正措施。其次，应认真考虑将饮食策略作为减少 IBD 炎症和/或预防复发的主要或辅助治疗方法。第三，应考虑饮食来改善症状或减轻并发症的影响。最后，在相关时应讨论有关疾病预防的饮食建议。需要应用改进的方法学来确定当前和新的食物选择方法作为 IBD 治疗和预防工具的价值，这一需求日益增加。
