Campbell-Palmer Róisín, Rosell Frank
Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Conservation Programmes, 134 Corstorphine Road, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom; Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Telemark University College, i Bø Telemark, Norway.
Zoo Biol. 2015 Mar-Apr;34(2):101-9. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21200. Epub 2015 Feb 4.
Beavers (Castor spp.) tend not to be a commonly held species and little published material exists relating to their captive care. We review published material and discuss husbandry issues taking into account the requirements of wild beavers. As social mammals with complex chemical communication systems and with such an ability to modify their environments, studies of wild counterparts suggest the captive requirements of beavers may actually be more sophisticated than generally perceived. Common field techniques may have practical application in the captive setting. Their widespread utilisation in conservation, including reintroductions, translocations and habitat management, also requires components of captive care. As welfare science advances there is increasing pressure on captive collections to improve standards and justify the keeping of animals. Conservation science is increasingly challenged to address individual welfare standards. Further research focusing on the captive care of beavers is required.
河狸（河狸属）并非常见的圈养物种，关于其圈养管理的已发表资料很少。我们回顾已发表的资料，并结合野生河狸的需求讨论饲养管理问题。作为具有复杂化学通讯系统的群居哺乳动物，且有能力改变其环境，对野生河狸的研究表明，河狸的圈养需求实际上可能比一般认为的更为复杂。常见的野外技术可能在圈养环境中有实际应用。它们在保护工作中的广泛应用，包括重新引入、转移和栖息地管理，也需要圈养管理的相关内容。随着福利科学的发展，圈养动物的场所面临着越来越大的压力，需要提高标准并为饲养动物提供合理依据。保护科学在解决个体福利标准方面也面临着越来越大的挑战。因此，需要进一步开展针对河狸圈养管理的研究。
