Arrieta Oscar, Quintana-Carrillo Roger Humberto, Ahumada-Curiel Gabriel, Corona-Cruz Jose Francisco, Correa-Acevedo Elma, Zinser-Sierra Juan, de la Mata-Moya Dolores, Mohar-Betancourt Alejandro, Morales-Oyarvide Vicente, Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam
Clinic of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Institute of Mexico (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico ; Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute of Mexico (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
Tobacco Control Research Department, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Tob Induc Dis. 2015 Feb 4;12(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s12971-014-0025-4. eCollection 2014.
Smoking is a public health problem in Mexico and worldwide; its economic impact on developing countries has not been well documented. The aim of this study was to assess the direct medical costs attributable to smoking incurred by lung cancer patients treated at the National Cancer Institute of Mexico (INCan).
The study was conducted at INCan in 2009. We carried out a cost of illness (COI) methodology, using data derived from an expert panel consensus and from medical chart review. A panel of experts developed a diagnostic-therapeutic guide that combined the hospital patient pathways and the infrastructure, human resources, technology, and services provided by the medical units at INCan. Cost estimates in Mexican pesos were adjusted by inflation and converted into US Dollars using the 2013 FIX exchange rate for foreign transactions (1 USD = 13.06 Mexican pesos).
A 297 incident cases diagnosed with any type of lung cancer were analyzed. According to clinical stage, the costs per patient were 13,456; 35,648; 106,186; and 144,555 USD, for lung cancer stages I, II, III, and IV respectively. The weighted average annual cost/patient was and 139,801 USD and the average annual cost/patient that was attributable to smoking was 92,269 USD. This cost was independent of the clinical stage, with stage IV representing 96% of the annual cost. The total annual cost of smoking-related lung cancer at INCan was 19,969,781 USD.
The medical care costs of lung cancer attributable to smoking represent a high cost both for INCan and the Mexican health sector. These costs could be reduced if all provisions established in the Framework Convention of Tobacco Control of the World Health Organization were implemented in Mexico.
吸烟在墨西哥乃至全球都是一个公共卫生问题；其对发展中国家的经济影响尚未得到充分记录。本研究的目的是评估墨西哥国家癌症研究所（INCan）治疗的肺癌患者因吸烟产生的直接医疗费用。
该研究于2009年在INCan进行。我们采用疾病成本（COI）方法，使用来自专家小组共识和病历审查的数据。一个专家小组制定了一份诊断治疗指南，该指南结合了医院患者就医流程以及INCan医疗单位提供的基础设施、人力资源、技术和服务。以墨西哥比索计算的成本估计数经通货膨胀调整后，使用2013年用于外汇交易的FIX汇率（1美元 = 13.06墨西哥比索）换算成美元。
分析了297例确诊为任何类型肺癌的新发病例。根据临床分期，肺癌I期、II期、III期和IV期患者的人均费用分别为13,456美元、35,648美元、106,186美元和144,555美元。每位患者的加权平均年度成本为139,801美元，因吸烟导致的每位患者平均年度成本为92,269美元。该成本与临床分期无关，IV期占年度成本的96%。INCan与吸烟相关的肺癌的年度总成本为19,969,781美元。
吸烟导致的肺癌医疗费用对INCan和墨西哥卫生部门来说都是一笔高昂的费用。如果墨西哥实施世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》规定的所有条款，这些费用可能会降低。
