Sanchez-Alavez Manuel, Ehlers Cindy L
Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2016 May;103:53-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.02.010. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
The cholinergic system in the brain is involved in attentional processes that are engaged for the identification and selection of relevant information in the environment and the formation of new stimulus associations. In the present study we determined the effects of cholinergic lesions of nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) on amplitude and phase characteristics of event related oscillations (EROs) generated in an auditory active discrimination task in rats. Rats were trained to press a lever to begin a series of 1kHz tones and to release the lever upon hearing a 2kHz tone. A time-frequency based representation was used to determine ERO energy and phase synchronization (phase lock index, PLI) across trials, recorded within frontal cortical structures. Lesions in NBM produced by an infusion of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) resulted in (1) a reduction of the number of correct behavioral responses in the active discrimination task, (2) an increase in ERO energy in the delta frequency bands, (3) an increase in theta, alpha and beta ERO energy in the N1, P3a and P3b regions of interest (ROI), and (4) an increase in PLI in the theta frequency band in the N1 ROIs. These studies suggest that the NBM cholinergic system is involved in maintaining the synchronization/phase resetting of oscillations in different frequencies in response to the presentation of the target stimuli in an active discrimination task.
大脑中的胆碱能系统参与注意力过程，这些过程用于识别和选择环境中的相关信息以及形成新的刺激关联。在本研究中，我们确定了基底大细胞核（NBM）胆碱能损伤对大鼠听觉主动辨别任务中产生的事件相关振荡（ERO）的幅度和相位特征的影响。训练大鼠按压杠杆以开始一系列1kHz音调，并在听到2kHz音调时松开杠杆。使用基于时频的表示方法来确定跨试验的ERO能量和相位同步（锁相指数，PLI），这些试验记录在额叶皮质结构内。通过注入α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）造成的NBM损伤导致：（1）主动辨别任务中正确行为反应的数量减少；（2）δ频段的ERO能量增加；（3）在感兴趣区域（ROI）的N1、P3a和P3b区域中，θ、α和β频段的ERO能量增加；（4）N1 ROI中θ频段的PLI增加。这些研究表明，NBM胆碱能系统参与在主动辨别任务中响应目标刺激的呈现来维持不同频率振荡的同步/相位重置。
