Dirghangi Shrija, Kahn Gilly, Laursen Brett, Brendgen Mara, Vitaro Frank, Dionne Ginette, Boivin Michel
Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University.
Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal.
Dev Psychol. 2015 Apr;51(4):564-71. doi: 10.1037/a0038848. Epub 2015 Feb 9.
This study tested 2 related hypotheses. The first holds that high co-rumination anticipates heightened internalizing problems. The second holds that positive relationships with friends exacerbate the risk for internalizing problems arising from co-rumination. A sample of MZ twins followed from birth (194 girls and 170 boys) completed (a) self-reports of friendship support, friendship negativity, and co-rumination with friends at age 12 and (b) measures of anxiety and depression at ages 12 and 13. Using a monozygotic twins-difference design, within-pair differences in co-rumination predicted increased within-pair differences in anxiety (but not depression), after removing the covariance between co-rumination and perceptions of friendship. In other words, the difference in co-rumination within each monozygotic twin pair predicted an increase in the difference in their anxiety levels, but not the difference in their depression levels. The discussion focuses on nonshared environmental influences, because the monozygotic twin-difference design eliminates the possibility that associations were driven by heritability or by shared environmental factors that underlie friendship experiences and internalizing problems.
本研究检验了两个相关假设。第一个假设认为，高度共同反刍预示着内化问题会加剧。第二个假设认为，与朋友的积极关系会加剧因共同反刍而产生的内化问题风险。一个从出生就开始跟踪的同卵双胞胎样本（194名女孩和170名男孩）完成了：（a）12岁时关于友谊支持、友谊负面性以及与朋友共同反刍的自我报告，以及（b）12岁和13岁时的焦虑和抑郁测量。采用同卵双胞胎差异设计，在去除共同反刍与友谊认知之间的协方差后，共同反刍的双胞胎内差异预测了焦虑（而非抑郁）的双胞胎内差异增加。换句话说，每对同卵双胞胎中共同反刍的差异预测了他们焦虑水平差异的增加，但不是抑郁水平的差异。讨论聚焦于非共享环境影响，因为同卵双胞胎差异设计排除了关联是由遗传或由构成友谊经历和内化问题基础的共享环境因素驱动的可能性。
