Calvillo Dustin P, Parong Jocelyn A
a Department of Psychology , California State University San Marcos , San Marcos , CA , USA.
Memory. 2016;24(3):324-33. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2015.1005633. Epub 2015 Feb 9.
The misinformation and Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigms are used to study forms of false memories. Despite the abundance of research using these two paradigms, few studies have examined the relationship between the errors that arise from them. In the present study, 160 participants completed a misinformation task and two DRM tasks, receiving a warning about the effect before the second DRM task. Participants demonstrated misinformation and DRM effects (with and without the warning), but susceptibility to these forms of false memory were not significantly related across individuals. The DRM warning reduced the DRM effect, and signal detection analysis revealed that the DRM warning reduced a liberal response bias in this task. Sensitivity and response bias in both DRM tasks were not significantly related to these measures in the misinformation task. These findings suggest that these two forms of false memories are not interchangeable and they appear to be the result of different cognitive processes.
错误信息范式和迪斯-罗迪格-麦克德莫特（DRM）范式被用于研究错误记忆的形式。尽管有大量研究使用这两种范式，但很少有研究考察它们所产生的错误之间的关系。在本研究中，160名参与者完成了一项错误信息任务和两项DRM任务，在第二项DRM任务之前收到了关于该效应的警告。参与者表现出错误信息效应和DRM效应（无论有无警告），但个体对这些错误记忆形式的易感性并无显著相关性。DRM警告降低了DRM效应，信号检测分析表明，DRM警告减少了该任务中的宽松反应偏差。两项DRM任务中的敏感性和反应偏差与错误信息任务中的这些指标均无显著相关性。这些发现表明，这两种错误记忆形式不可互换，它们似乎是不同认知过程的结果。
