Anani Kokou, Adjrah Yao, Ameyapoh Yaovi, Karou Simplice Damintoti, Agbonon Amegnona, de Souza Comlan, Gbeassor Messanvi
Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Contrôle de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires, Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires - Université de Lomé, B.P. 1515 Lomé, Togo; Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Plantes Médicinales (CERFOPLAM), Université de Lomé, Togo; Centre de Recherche en Agriculture Biologique et Substances Naturelles (CRABISNA), Lomé,Togo.
Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Contrôle de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires, Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires - Université de Lomé, B.P. 1515 Lomé, Togo; Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Plantes Médicinales (CERFOPLAM), Université de Lomé, Togo; Centre de Recherche en Agriculture Biologique et Substances Naturelles (CRABISNA), Lomé,Togo.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Apr 22;164:16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.051. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
The bark of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile (Balanitaceae) is widely used in the Togolese folk medicine for the treatment of wounds, malaria and skin diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties and the activity of the bark extract of this plant against some resistant bacteria isolated from wounds.
The antimicrobial activity was assayed using the NCCLS microdilution while the DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used for the antioxidant activity. The susceptibility to conventional antibiotics of bacteria was assessed by an agar disk diffusion method using commercial disk. Phenolics were quantified using spectrophotometric methods.
The hydroethanolic extracts of the bark inhibited in vitro the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in a dose-dependent manner. Bacteriostatic effects were observed on 15 (33%) and 21 (47%) strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. The MICs and MBCs against Staphylococcus aureus strains ranged respectively from 2.5 to 12.5 µg/mL and 2.5 to 50 µg/mL. Concerning Pseudomonas aeruginosa, these values were equal (12.5 µg/mL). Multidrug resistance was 95% against six antibiotics for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 91% against five antibiotics for Staphylococcus aureus. The DPPH radical scavenging and the FRAP assays yielded weak antioxidant activity, closely linked with the total phenolic contents.
This study indicated that the bark extract of Balanites aegyptiaca possess bioactive compounds implicated in the free radical scavenging and antibacterial activities, justifying the use of the plant in the traditional medicines.
埃及假紫荆（Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile，假紫荆科）的树皮在多哥民间医学中被广泛用于治疗伤口、疟疾和皮肤病。本研究旨在评估该植物树皮提取物的抗氧化特性及其对从伤口分离出的一些耐药细菌的活性。
采用美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）微量稀释法测定抗菌活性，采用二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）清除法和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）法测定抗氧化活性。使用商业药敏纸片通过琼脂纸片扩散法评估细菌对传统抗生素的敏感性。采用分光光度法对酚类物质进行定量分析。
树皮的水乙醇提取物在体外以剂量依赖方式抑制铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。分别观察到对15株（33%）金黄色葡萄球菌和21株（47%）铜绿假单胞菌有抑菌作用。对金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）分别为2.5至12.5微克/毫升和2.5至50微克/毫升。对于铜绿假单胞菌，这些值均为12.5微克/毫升。铜绿假单胞菌对六种抗生素的多重耐药率为95%，金黄色葡萄球菌对五种抗生素的多重耐药率为91%。DPPH自由基清除试验和FRAP试验显示抗氧化活性较弱，与总酚含量密切相关。
本研究表明埃及假紫荆树皮提取物含有与自由基清除和抗菌活性相关的生物活性化合物，证明了该植物在传统医学中的应用合理性。
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