Department of Physiotherapy, UNIFRA, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Int J Gen Med. 2015 Jan 23;8:55-62. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S76446. eCollection 2015.
Patients with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease have a poor functional capacity; however, the influence of association among intermittent claudication (IC), abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI), and physical activity level on functional capacity of these patients has not been fully studied.
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between the ABI, IC, and physical activity level, and the influence of these variables on the functional capacity of patients with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease seen in a reference cardiology outpatient clinic in Southern Brazil. The secondary objective was to assess the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in this sample of patients.
This was a prospective cross-sectional study in which 162 consecutive patients were evaluated and classified into three groups according to their ABI: normal ABI (n=104, values between 1.00 and 1.40); borderline PAD (n=23, values between 0.91 and 1.00); and patients with PAD (n=35, ≤0.90). The presence of IC was assessed using the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire. The level of physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and functional capacity was assessed by the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD).
The prevalence of PAD was 21.6% in the total sample. The 6MWD showed strong correlation with the absence of IC (r=0.785; P<0.001), moderate correlation with age (r=-0.347; P<0.001), and weak correlations with IPAQ scores (r=0.164; P=0.038) and ABI (r=0.216; P=0.006). Age, ABI, and absence of IC were independently associated with the outcome (P=0.001, P=0.001, and P=0.028, respectively).
The current study demonstrates that 6MWD is associated with IPAQ scores, ABI, and absence of IC. Age, ABI and absence of IC were independently associated with functional capacity in patients with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
患有或有心血管疾病风险的患者的功能能力较差；然而，间歇性跛行（IC）、异常踝臂指数（ABI）和体力活动水平之间的关联对这些患者的功能能力的影响尚未得到充分研究。
本研究的主要目的是探讨 ABI、IC 和体力活动水平之间的关系，并研究这些变量对南里奥格兰德州参考心脏病门诊就诊的心血管疾病患者或高危患者的功能能力的影响。次要目的是评估该患者样本中周围动脉疾病（PAD）的患病率。
这是一项前瞻性的横断面研究，共评估了 162 例连续患者，并根据其 ABI 将其分为三组：正常 ABI（n=104，值在 1.00 到 1.40 之间）；边界 PAD（n=23，值在 0.91 到 1.00 之间）；和 PAD 患者（n=35，≤0.90）。使用爱丁堡跛行问卷评估 IC 的存在。体力活动水平通过国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）短版进行评估，功能能力通过 6 分钟步行距离（6MWD）进行评估。
总样本中 PAD 的患病率为 21.6%。6MWD 与无 IC 有很强的相关性（r=0.785；P<0.001），与年龄中度相关（r=-0.347；P<0.001），与 IPAQ 评分弱相关（r=0.164；P=0.038）和 ABI（r=0.216；P=0.006）。年龄、ABI 和无 IC 与结局独立相关（P=0.001、P=0.001 和 P=0.028）。
本研究表明，6MWD 与 IPAQ 评分、ABI 和无 IC 相关。年龄、ABI 和无 IC 与心血管疾病患者或高危患者的功能能力独立相关。
