科威特公众对抗生素使用的知识、态度和行为
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards antibiotic use among the public in Kuwait.
作者信息
Awad Abdelmoneim Ismail, Aboud Esraa Abdulwahid
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2015 Feb 12;10(2):e0117910. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117910. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
The emergence and spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing problem worldwide, which presents a significant threat to public health globally in the 21st century. A substantial evidence has shown that the general community plays a role in the increase and spread of antibiotic resistance. The present study was designed to determine knowledge, attitude and practice towards antibiotic use.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was performed using a pretested self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 770 randomly selected Kuwaiti individuals. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used in data analysis.
RESULTS
The response rate was 88.3%. Nearly three-quarters (72.8%) of respondents had been prescribed antibiotics within 12 months prior to the study period, and 36% of them had not finished the course of treatment. Over one-quarter (27.5%) were self-medicated with antibiotics to treat mainly common cold, sore throat and cough. Self-medication was more prevalent among those who were prescribed antibiotics and those who had attitudes towards using and accessing antibiotic inappropriately. Almost 47% of participants had low knowledge regarding action, use, safety and resistance of antibiotics. Forty one percent of respondents had attitudes towards using and accessing antibiotic inappropriately. Better knowledge was found to be a predictor for positive attitude. Respondents level of agreement that doctors often prescribe antibiotics to meet the patient's expectation, and that doctors often take time to consider carefully the need for an antibiotic were 52.7% and 35.3%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings will aid in the assessment of the adequacy of present public educational campaigns. Also, it will provide further insight in designing future multifaceted interventions to promote specific messages to rationalize antibiotic use, and compensate for knowledge and attitude gaps as an effort towards preventing development of antibiotic resistance.
背景
细菌对抗生素耐药性的出现和传播是一个在全球范围内日益严重的问题，在21世纪对全球公共卫生构成了重大威胁。大量证据表明，普通人群在抗生素耐药性的增加和传播中发挥了作用。本研究旨在确定人们对抗生素使用的知识、态度和行为。
方法
采用预先测试的自填式问卷，对770名随机抽取的科威特人进行横断面调查。数据分析采用描述性和多变量逻辑回归分析。
结果
应答率为88.3%。近四分之三（72.8%）的受访者在研究期前12个月内曾被开具抗生素处方，其中36%的人未完成疗程。超过四分之一（27.5%）的人自行服用抗生素，主要用于治疗普通感冒、喉咙痛和咳嗽。自行用药在那些被开具抗生素处方以及对抗生素使用和获取态度不当的人群中更为普遍。近47%的参与者对抗生素的作用、使用、安全性和耐药性了解不足。41%的受访者对抗生素使用和获取态度不当。发现知识水平较高是积极态度的一个预测因素。受访者中认为医生经常开具抗生素以满足患者期望的比例为52.7%，认为医生经常花时间仔细考虑是否需要使用抗生素的比例为35.3%。
结论
这些发现将有助于评估当前公共教育活动的充分性。此外，它将为设计未来的多方面干预措施提供进一步的见解，以推广特定信息，使抗生素使用合理化，并弥补知识和态度差距，努力预防抗生素耐药性的发展。
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