意大利公众对抗生素使用的了解、态度及经历。
Public knowledge, attitudes, and experience regarding the use of antibiotics in Italy.
作者信息
Napolitano Francesco, Izzo Maria Teresa, Di Giuseppe Gabriella, Angelillo Italo F
机构信息
Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 23;8(12):e84177. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084177. eCollection 2013.
BACKGROUND
The objectives of the study were to investigate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding antibiotics of the general population in Italy, and to assess the correlates of these outcomes of interest.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a random sample of 630 parents of students attending nine randomly selected public primary and secondary schools. A self-administered questionnaire included questions on demographic characteristics, knowledge about antibiotic use and resistance, attitudes and behaviors towards antibiotic use, and sources of information.
RESULTS
A total of 419 parents participated. Only 9.8% knew the definition of antibiotic resistance and 21.2% knew when it was appropriate to use antibiotics. Respondents with higher education, employed, with a family member working in the health care sector, and with no need for additional information on antibiotics were more likely to know the definition of antibiotic resistance. One third (32.7%) self-classified them as users of self-medication with antibiotics and those with a lower self-rated health status, who did not use the physician as source of information on antibiotics, and who have attended a physician in the last year were more likely to use self-medication. One-fourth (22.7%) of those who had never been self-medicated would be willing to take an antibiotic without a prescription of a physician. Respondents were more likely to be willing to take antibiotics without a prescription if they were under 40 years of age, if they had a lower self-rated health status, if they did not know that antibiotics are not indicated for treating flu and sore throat, and if they knew that antibiotics are not indicated for treating colds.
CONCLUSIONS
The survey has generated information about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding antibiotics in the general population and effective public education initiative should provide practical and appropriate means to change their behavior.
背景
本研究的目的是调查意大利普通人群对抗生素的知识水平、态度和行为，并评估这些感兴趣结果的相关因素。
方法
对随机选择的9所公立中小学的630名学生家长进行了横断面调查。一份自填式问卷包括有关人口统计学特征、抗生素使用和耐药性知识、对抗生素使用的态度和行为以及信息来源的问题。
结果
共有419名家长参与。只有9.8%的人知道抗生素耐药性的定义，21.2%的人知道何时适合使用抗生素。受过高等教育、有工作、有家庭成员在医疗保健部门工作且不需要更多抗生素信息的受访者更有可能知道抗生素耐药性的定义。三分之一（32.7%）的人将自己归类为抗生素自我用药者，自我健康评分较低、不将医生作为抗生素信息来源且去年看过医生的人更有可能进行自我用药。在从未进行过自我用药的人中，四分之一（22.7%）的人愿意在没有医生处方的情况下服用抗生素。如果受访者年龄在40岁以下、自我健康评分较低、不知道抗生素不适用于治疗流感和喉咙痛以及知道抗生素不适用于治疗感冒，他们更有可能愿意在没有医生处方的情况下服用抗生素。
结论
该调查收集了普通人群对抗生素的知识、态度和行为信息，有效的公共教育倡议应提供切实可行且合适的方法来改变他们的行为。
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