Robbeson Justine G, Kruger Herculina Salome, Wright Hattie H
Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2015 Aug;25(4):344-52. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0161. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
Modern culture has stereotyped the female body as one that is continually getting thinner. Internalization of the 'thin' ideal is partly attributable to the inner ideal to be successful combined with the external pressure imposed by media and others. Many individuals attempt to achieve these ideals by behavior modification that imposes health risks.
To investigate disordered eating (DE) behavior and energy status in female student dancers.
Volunteer dancers (n = 26) aged 19.0 (18.0; 21.0) years, matched by controls (n = 26) aged 20.0 (19.0; 21.0) years were recruited. Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) subscales, Three-factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) Cognitive Dietary Restraint (CDR) subscale, and EDI-3 Referral Form behavioral questions assessed DE behavior. Energy status was assessed with a food record and Actiheart monitor.
Dancers achieved significantly higher scores than controls in all questionnaires, namely: EDI-3 Drive for Thinness [12.0 (3.0; 19.0) vs. 4.5 (2.0; 9.0), p = .023], EDI-3 Body Dissatisfaction [16.0 (10.0; 25.0) vs. 6.5 (3.0; 14.0), p = .004], and TFEQ-CDR [9.0 (2.0; 15.0) vs. 3.0 (3.0; 7.0), p = .032]; dancers used excessive exercise to lose weight (19.2% vs. 0%, c2 = 5.53, p = .019), and had lower energy availability (24% vs. 8%, p < .05) than controls. The average energy balance (EB) was negative for both groups [dancers: EB = -3896 (-5236; -1222) vs.
EB = -2639 (-4744; -789) kJ/day].
Female dancers are at risk for DE behavior and many have suboptimal energy status which may be related to their quest to achieve a more desirable appearance; education on healthy weight management practices is needed.
现代文化将女性身体刻板地塑造为不断变瘦的形象。“瘦”理想的内化部分归因于追求成功的内在理想以及媒体和他人施加的外部压力。许多人试图通过有健康风险的行为改变来实现这些理想。
调查女学生舞蹈演员的饮食失调（DE）行为和能量状况。
招募了年龄为19.0（18.0；21.0）岁的志愿者舞蹈演员（n = 26），并与年龄为20.0（19.0；21.0）岁的对照组（n = 26）进行匹配。使用饮食失调问卷-3（EDI-3）子量表、三因素饮食问卷（TFEQ）认知饮食限制（CDR）子量表以及EDI-3转诊表行为问题来评估DE行为。通过食物记录和Actiheart监测仪评估能量状况。
在所有问卷中，舞蹈演员的得分均显著高于对照组，具体如下：EDI-3瘦身驱动力[12.0（3.0；19.0）对4.5（2.0；9.0），p = 0.023]、EDI-3身体不满[16.0（10.0；25.0）对6.5（3.0；14.0），p = 0.004]以及TFEQ-CDR[9.0（2.0；15.0）对3.0（3.0；7.0），p = 0.032]；舞蹈演员使用过度运动来减肥（19.2%对0%，χ² = 5.53，p = 0.019），并且与对照组相比能量可利用性更低（24%对8%，p < 0.05）。两组的平均能量平衡（EB）均为负值[舞蹈演员：EB = -3896（-5236；-1222）对对照组：EB = -2639（-4744；-789）kJ/天]。
女舞蹈演员存在饮食失调行为的风险，许多人能量状况欠佳，这可能与她们追求更理想外表的行为有关；需要开展关于健康体重管理实践的教育。
