Waugh Mark G
Lipid and Membrane Biology Group, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, UCL, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Aug;1851(8):1066-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.02.002. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
Phosphoinositide (PIP) lipids regulate many aspects of cell function in the nervous system including receptor signalling, secretion, endocytosis, migration and survival. Levels of PIPs such as PI4P, PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 are normally tightly regulated by phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases. Deregulation of these biochemical pathways leads to lipid imbalances, usually on intracellular endosomal membranes, and these changes have been linked to a number of major neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy, stroke, cancer and a range of rarer inherited disorders including brain overgrowth syndromes, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies and neurodevelopmental conditions such as Lowe's syndrome. This article analyses recent progress in this area and explains how PIP lipids are involved, to varying degrees, in almost every class of neurological disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Brain Lipids.
磷酸肌醇（PIP）脂质调节神经系统中细胞功能的许多方面，包括受体信号传导、分泌、内吞作用、迁移和存活。诸如PI4P、PI(4,5)P2和PI(3,4,5)P3等PIP的水平通常由磷酸肌醇激酶和磷酸酶严格调控。这些生化途径的失调会导致脂质失衡，通常发生在细胞内的内体膜上，这些变化与许多主要的神经系统疾病有关，包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、癫痫、中风、癌症以及一系列罕见的遗传性疾病，如脑过度生长综合征、夏科-马里-图斯神经病以及诸如劳氏综合征等神经发育疾病。本文分析了该领域的最新进展，并解释了PIP脂质如何在几乎每一类神经系统疾病中不同程度地发挥作用。本文是名为“脑脂质”的特刊的一部分。
