Bácsi István, Gonda Sándor, B-Béres Viktória, Novák Zoltán, Nagy Sándor Alex, Vasas Gábor
Department of Hydrobiology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 57, Debrecen, 4010, Hungary,
Ecotoxicology. 2015 May;24(4):823-34. doi: 10.1007/s10646-015-1427-7. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
Changes in composition of phytoplankton assemblages due to short-chained chlorinated hydrocarbons (tetrachloroethane, tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene) were studied in microcosm experiments with different initial diversities. Diversity decreased further during treatments in the less diverse 2011 summer assemblages, dominated by the euglenid Trachelomonas volvocinopsis (its relative abundance was nearly 70 %). Diversity did not change significantly during treatments in the more diverse 2012 summer assemblages, dominated by cryptomonads (their relative abundance was 40 %). The dominant Trachelomonas volvocinopsis in 2011, due to its insensitivity to the treatment and presumably high competition skills, filled released habitats occurring when sensitive species were not detectable any more. In contrast, cryptomonads were extremely sensitive to the treatments, their abundance decreased under detection limit in the treated assemblages, regardless of diversity conditions. Our results showed that population dynamics of dominant species determine the response to the contamination of the entire community, if these species display high resistance or resilience. If the dominant species was highly sensitive and recovered slowly, compensatory growth of rare species maintained high levels of ecosystem performance.
在不同初始多样性的微观实验中，研究了短链氯化烃（四氯乙烷、四氯乙烯和三氯乙烯）对浮游植物群落组成的影响。在以眼虫藻（Volvocinopsis Trachelomonas）为主导（其相对丰度近70%）、多样性较低的2011年夏季群落处理过程中，多样性进一步降低。在以隐藻为主导（其相对丰度为40%）、多样性较高的2012年夏季群落处理过程中，多样性没有显著变化。2011年占主导地位的眼虫藻（Volvocinopsis Trachelomonas）由于对处理不敏感且可能具有较高的竞争能力，在敏感物种不再可检测到时，占据了释放出来的生境。相反，隐藻对处理极为敏感，无论多样性条件如何，在处理后的群落中其丰度降至检测限以下。我们的结果表明，如果优势物种表现出高抗性或恢复力，优势物种的种群动态决定了整个群落对污染的响应。如果优势物种高度敏感且恢复缓慢，稀有物种的补偿性生长维持了较高水平的生态系统性能。
