School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
FEBS J. 2015 Apr;282(8):1368-82. doi: 10.1111/febs.13235. Epub 2015 Mar 21.
Drosophila melanogaster has been extensively used to study the humoral arm of innate immunity because of the developmental and functional parallels with mammalian innate immunity. However, the fly cellular response to infection is far less understood. Investigative work on Drosophila haemocytes, the immunosurveillance cells of the insect, has revealed that they fulfil roles similar to mammalian monocytes and macrophages. They respond to wound signals and orchestrate the coagulation response. In addition, they phagocytose and encapsulate invading pathogens, and clear up apoptotic bodies controlling inflammation. This review briefly describes the Drosophila haematopoietic system and discusses what is currently known about the contribution of haemocytes to the immune response upon infection and wounding, during all stages of development.
黑腹果蝇被广泛用于研究先天免疫的体液免疫，因为它在发育和功能上与哺乳动物的先天免疫有相似之处。然而，对果蝇细胞对感染的反应的了解还远远不够。对昆虫免疫监视细胞——血淋巴细胞的研究表明，它们具有类似于哺乳动物单核细胞和巨噬细胞的功能。它们对伤口信号作出反应，并协调凝血反应。此外，它们吞噬和包裹入侵的病原体，并清除控制炎症的凋亡小体。本文简要描述了果蝇的造血系统，并讨论了在发育的各个阶段，血淋巴细胞在感染和受伤时对免疫反应的贡献。
