Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2015 Apr 15;153:134-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.02.013. Epub 2015 Feb 16.
Nature conservation relies largely on peoples' rule adherence. However, noncompliance in the conservation context is common: it is one of the largest illegal activities in the world, degrading societies, economies and the environment. Understanding and managing compliance is key for ensuring effective conservation, nevertheless crucial concepts and tools are scattered in a wide array of literature. Here I review and integrate these concepts and tools in an effort to guide compliance management in the conservation context. First, I address the understanding of compliance by breaking it down into five key questions: who?, what?, when?, where? and why?. A special focus is given to 'why?' because the answer to this question explains the reasons for compliance and noncompliance, providing critical information for management interventions. Second, I review compliance management strategies, from voluntary compliance to coerced compliance. Finally, I suggest a system, initially proposed for tax compliance, to balance these multiple compliance management strategies. This paper differs from others by providing a broad yet practical scope on theory and tools for understanding and managing compliance in the nature conservation context.
自然保护在很大程度上依赖于人们对规则的遵守。然而，在保护领域，不遵守规定的情况很常见：这是世界上最大的非法活动之一，破坏了社会、经济和环境。了解和管理合规性是确保有效保护的关键，但关键概念和工具却分散在大量文献中。在这里，我回顾并整合了这些概念和工具，以努力指导保护背景下的合规管理。首先，我通过将其分解为五个关键问题来解决对合规性的理解：谁？什么？何时？何地？以及为什么？特别关注“为什么？”，因为这个问题的答案解释了遵守和不遵守规定的原因，为管理干预提供了关键信息。其次，我回顾了从自愿遵守到强制遵守的合规管理策略。最后，我建议采用一种系统，最初是为税收合规性提出的，以平衡这些多种合规管理策略。本文与其他文章的不同之处在于，它提供了一个广泛而实用的理论和工具范围，用于理解和管理自然保护背景下的合规性。
