Amaral Fernanda, Lima Nathalia Ea, Ornelas Elisabete, Simardi Lucila, Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso, Maifrino Laura Beatriz Mesiano
Laboratório de Estudos Morfoquantitativo e Imunohistoquímico, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2015 Feb 13;8:115-20. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S74436. eCollection 2015.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) comprises several metabolic disorders that are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and has its source connected to the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and development of insulin resistance. Despite studies showing beneficial results of exercise on several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, studies evaluating the effects of different intensities of exercise training on the pancreas with experimental models are scarce.
In total, 20 Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups: control (C), metabolic syndrome (MS and without exercise), metabolic syndrome and practice of walking (MSWalk), and metabolic syndrome and practice of running (MSRun). The applied procedures were induction of MS by fructose in drinking water; experimental protocol of walking and running; weighing of body mass and VAT; sacrifice of animals with blood collection and removal of organs and processing of samples for light microscopy using the analysis of volume densities (Vv) of the studied structures.
Running showed a reduction of VAT weight (-54%), triglyceride levels (-40%), Vv[islet] (-62%), Vv[islet.cells] (-22%), Vv[islet.insterstitial] (-44%), and Vv[acinar.insterstitial] (-24%) and an increase of Vv[acini] (+21%) and Vv[acinar.cells] (+22%). Regarding walking, we observed a decrease of VAT weight (-34%) and triglyceride levels (-27%), an increase of Vv[islet.cells] (+72%) and Vv[acinar.cells] (+7%), and a decrease of Vv[acini] (-4%) and Vv[acinar.insterstitial] (-16%) when compared with those in the MS group.
Our results suggest that the experimental model with low-intensity exercise (walking) seems to be more particularly recommended for preventing morphological and metabolic disorders occurring in the MS.
代谢综合征（MS）包含多种代谢紊乱，这些紊乱是心血管疾病的危险因素，其根源与内脏脂肪组织（VAT）的积累和胰岛素抵抗的发展有关。尽管研究表明运动对心血管疾病的多种危险因素有有益影响，但利用实验模型评估不同强度运动训练对胰腺影响的研究却很匮乏。
总共使用了20只Wistar大鼠，分为四组：对照组（C）、代谢综合征组（MS且不运动）、代谢综合征与步行训练组（MSWalk）以及代谢综合征与跑步训练组（MSRun）。所应用的程序包括通过饮用水中的果糖诱导MS；步行和跑步的实验方案；体重和VAT的称量；动物处死并采集血液、取出器官，以及对样本进行处理以用于光学显微镜检查，采用所研究结构的体积密度（Vv）分析。
跑步显示VAT重量降低（-54%）、甘油三酯水平降低（-40%）、Vv[胰岛]降低（-62%）、Vv[胰岛细胞]降低（-22%）、Vv[胰岛间质]降低（-44%）以及Vv[腺泡间质]降低（-24%），同时Vv[腺泡]增加（+21%）和Vv[腺泡细胞]增加（+22%）。关于步行，与MS组相比，我们观察到VAT重量降低（-34%）和甘油三酯水平降低（-27%），Vv[胰岛细胞]增加（+72%）和Vv[腺泡细胞]增加（+7%），以及Vv[腺泡]降低（-4%）和Vv[腺泡间质]降低（-16%）。
我们的结果表明，低强度运动（步行）的实验模型似乎更特别推荐用于预防MS中发生的形态和代谢紊乱。
