Cheng Lei, Zhang Ke, Weir Michael D, Melo Mary Anne S, Zhou Xuedong, Xu Hockin H K
Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2015 Mar;10(4):627-41. doi: 10.2217/nnm.14.191.
Dental caries is the most widespread disease and an economic burden. Nanotechnology is promising to inhibit caries by controlling biofilm acids and enhancing remineralization. Nanoparticles of silver were incorporated into composites/adhesives, along with quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs), to combat biofilms. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) released calcium/phosphate ions, remineralized tooth-lesions and neutralized acids. By combining nanoparticles of silver/QAM/NACP, a new class of composites and adhesives with antibacterial and remineralization double benefits was developed. Various other nanoparticles including metal and oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO and TiO2, as well as polyethylenimine nanoparticles and their antibacterial capabilities in dental resins were also reviewed. These nanoparticles are promising for incorporation into dental composites/cements/sealants/bases/liners/adhesives. Therefore, nanotechnology has potential to significantly improve restorative and preventive dentistry.
龋齿是最普遍的疾病且是一种经济负担。纳米技术有望通过控制生物膜酸和增强再矿化来抑制龋齿。将银纳米颗粒与甲基丙烯酸季铵盐（QAMs）一起掺入复合材料/粘合剂中，以对抗生物膜。无定形磷酸钙（NACP）纳米颗粒释放钙/磷酸根离子，使牙齿病变再矿化并中和酸。通过将银/QAM/NACP纳米颗粒结合，开发出了一类具有抗菌和再矿化双重益处的新型复合材料和粘合剂。还综述了各种其他纳米颗粒，包括金属和氧化物纳米颗粒如ZnO和TiO2，以及聚乙烯亚胺纳米颗粒及其在牙科树脂中的抗菌能力。这些纳米颗粒有望掺入牙科复合材料/水泥/密封剂/基底/衬层/粘合剂中。因此，纳米技术有潜力显著改善修复性和预防性牙科。
