McCabe J Terrence, Smith Nicole M, Leslie Paul W, Telligman Amy L
Department of Anthropology, and Director, Environment and Society Program, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder.
University of Colorado, Boulder.
Hum Organ. 2014 Winter;73(4):389-400. doi: 10.17730/humo.73.4.vkr10nhr65g18400.
This paper brings together over two decades of research concerning the patterns and processes of livelihood diversification through migration among Maasai pastoralists and agro-pastoralists of northern Tanzania. Two case studies, one from the Ngorongoro Conservation Area and the other from the Simanjiro plains, jointly demonstrate the complexity of migration within a single ethnic group. We analyze the relationship between wealth and migration and examine some of the consequences of migration for building herds, expanding cultivation, and influencing political leadership. We further argue that migration in Maasai communities is becoming a cultural norm and not only a response to economic conditions.
本文汇集了二十多年来关于坦桑尼亚北部马赛牧民和农牧民通过迁徙实现生计多样化的模式与过程的研究。两个案例研究，一个来自恩戈罗恩戈罗保护区，另一个来自希曼吉罗平原，共同展示了单一族群内部迁徙的复杂性。我们分析了财富与迁徙之间的关系，并研究了迁徙对畜群建设、扩大耕种以及影响政治领导权的一些后果。我们进一步认为，马赛社区的迁徙正在成为一种文化规范，而不仅仅是对经济状况的一种反应。
