Czarnota Jenna, Gennings Chris, Colt Joanne S, De Roos Anneclaire J, Cerhan James R, Severson Richard K, Hartge Patricia, Ward Mary H, Wheeler David C
Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2015 Oct;123(10):965-70. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1408630. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
There are several suspected environmental risk factors for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The associations between NHL and environmental chemical exposures have typically been evaluated for individual chemicals (i.e., one-by-one).
We determined the association between a mixture of 27 correlated chemicals measured in house dust and NHL risk.
We conducted a population-based case-control study of NHL in four National Cancer Institute-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results centers--Detroit, Michigan; Iowa; Los Angeles County, California; and Seattle, Washington--from 1998 to 2000. We used weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to model the association of a mixture of chemicals and risk of NHL. The WQS index was a sum of weighted quartiles for 5 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 7 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and 15 pesticides. We estimated chemical mixture weights and effects for study sites combined and for each site individually, and also for histologic subtypes of NHL.
The WQS index was statistically significantly associated with NHL overall [odds ratio (OR) = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.56; p = 0.006; for one quartile increase] and in the study sites of Detroit (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.92; p = 0.045), Los Angeles (OR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.08; p = 0.049), and Iowa (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.53; p = 0.002). The index was marginally statistically significant in Seattle (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.99; p = 0.071). The most highly weighted chemicals for predicting risk overall were PCB congener 180 and propoxur. Highly weighted chemicals varied by study site; PCBs were more highly weighted in Detroit, and pesticides were more highly weighted in Iowa.
An index of chemical mixtures was significantly associated with NHL. Our results show the importance of evaluating chemical mixtures when studying cancer risk.
非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）存在多种可疑的环境风险因素。NHL与环境化学物质暴露之间的关联通常是针对单一化学物质逐一进行评估的。
我们确定了室内灰尘中测量的27种相关化学物质的混合物与NHL风险之间的关联。
1998年至2000年，我们在四个美国国立癌症研究所监测、流行病学和最终结果中心（密歇根州底特律；爱荷华州；加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县；华盛顿州西雅图）开展了一项基于人群的NHL病例对照研究。我们使用加权分位数和（WQS）回归来模拟化学物质混合物与NHL风险的关联。WQS指数是5种多氯联苯（PCBs）、7种多环芳烃（PAHs）和15种农药的加权四分位数之和。我们估计了合并研究地点以及每个地点单独的化学物质混合物权重和效应，还对NHL的组织学亚型进行了估计。
WQS指数与总体NHL在统计学上显著相关[比值比（OR）=1.30；95%置信区间（CI）：1.08，1.56；p = 0.006；每增加一个四分位数]，在底特律（OR = 1.71；95% CI：1.02，2.92；p = 0.045）、洛杉矶（OR = 1.44；95% CI：1.00，2.08；p = 0.049）和爱荷华州（OR = 1.76；95% CI：1.23，2.53；p = 0.002）的研究地点也是如此。该指数在西雅图具有边缘统计学显著性（OR = 1.39；95% CI：0.97，1.99；p = 0.071）。总体预测风险权重最高的化学物质是多氯联苯同系物180和残杀威。权重高的化学物质因研究地点而异；在底特律多氯联苯的权重更高，在爱荷华州农药的权重更高。
化学物质混合物指数与NHL显著相关。我们的结果表明在研究癌症风险时评估化学物质混合物的重要性。
