Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Nat Rev Genet. 2015 Apr;16(4):237-51. doi: 10.1038/nrg3901. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
Crop yield reduction as a consequence of increasingly severe climatic events threatens global food security. Genetic loci that ensure productivity in challenging environments exist within the germplasm of crops, their wild relatives and species that are adapted to extreme environments. Selective breeding for the combination of beneficial loci in germplasm has improved yields in diverse environments throughout the history of agriculture. An effective new paradigm is the targeted identification of specific genetic determinants of stress adaptation that have evolved in nature and their precise introgression into elite varieties. These loci are often associated with distinct regulation or function, duplication and/or neofunctionalization of genes that maintain plant homeostasis.
由于日益严重的气候事件导致的作物减产威胁着全球粮食安全。在作物的种质资源、其野生亲缘种和适应极端环境的物种中，存在着确保在挑战性环境中生产力的遗传基因座。通过选择性育种，将种质资源中有益基因座的组合进行选育，在农业历史上提高了各种环境下的产量。一个有效的新范例是针对目标的鉴定，即在自然界中进化的特定的适应压力的遗传决定因素，并将其精确地导入到优良品种中。这些基因座通常与维持植物体内平衡的基因的独特调控或功能、重复和/或新功能化有关。
