尿酸：是友还是敌？尿酸与认知功能 “痛风夺走的智者比普通人更多”。
Uric acid: friend or foe? Uric acid and cognitive function "Gout kills more wise men than simple".
作者信息
De Giorgi A, Fabbian F, Pala M, Tiseo R, Parisi C, Misurati E, Manfredini R
机构信息
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
出版信息
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Feb;19(4):640-6.
OBJECTIVE
The association between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular risk is widely known, and hyperuricemia is associated with many pathological conditions due to its effect on the endothelial function and metabolic homeostasis. The aim of this study was to verify whether the available literature may support the hypothesis that uric acid has a protective and stimulating effect on the cerebral cortex.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed the actual knowledge of the positive effects of uric acid in terms of antioxidant action, neuroprotection, cognitive function, and intellectual performance.
CONCLUSIONS
Uric acid has a stimulating effect on the cerebral cortex, and this could have allowed humans, compared with other animals, to develop higher brain mass volume, better intellectual performances, and maybe evolutionary supremacy. On the other, a growing body of evidence is accumulating on the independent association between uric acid and cardiovascular risk. A careful interpretation of uric acid levels is appropriate and necessary in different kinds of patients, both at risk of cardiovascular or neurodegenerative diseases, due to its contrasting significance.
目的
高尿酸血症与心血管风险之间的关联广为人知，且高尿酸血症因其对内皮功能和代谢稳态的影响而与多种病理状况相关。本研究的目的是验证现有文献是否支持尿酸对大脑皮层具有保护和刺激作用这一假说。
材料与方法
我们回顾了关于尿酸在抗氧化作用、神经保护、认知功能和智力表现方面积极作用的实际知识。
结论
尿酸对大脑皮层具有刺激作用，与其他动物相比，这可能使人类能够发育出更大的脑容量、更好的智力表现，或许还有进化上的优势。另一方面，越来越多的证据表明尿酸与心血管风险之间存在独立关联。鉴于尿酸具有相互矛盾的意义，在患有心血管疾病或神经退行性疾病风险的各类患者中，仔细解读尿酸水平是恰当且必要的。
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