Kołodziej Halina, Łopuszańska Monika, Lipowicz Anna, Szklarska Alicja, Bielicki Tadeusz
Polish Academy of Sciences, Unit of Anthropology in Wroclaw, Podwale 75, 50-449, Wrocław, Poland.
Am J Hum Biol. 2015 Sep-Oct;27(5):704-9. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.22694. Epub 2015 Mar 7.
The aim was to determine whether an intergenerational trend toward increased stature is slowing down, and whether body weight has recently increased among young men in Poland, as it has in Western European countries.
Data were taken from six national surveys of 19-year-old Polish male conscripts from cohorts 1965, 1976, 1986, 1995, 2001, and 2010.
The mean stature of this population increased throughout the last 45 years from 170.5 cm in 1965 to 178.3 in 2010. However, the average gain in stature per decade declined from 2.4 cm in the period 1965 to 1976 to 0.8 cm per decade in 1995 to 2001, but increased to 1.0 cm in the last period. The average of body weight increased from 63.2 kg in 1965 to 73.1 in 2010 and body mass index (BMI) rose from 21.73 to 22.94 in the same period. The tempo of increase varied in different periods; between 1965 and 1986 an insignificant increase was observed (of circa 0.12); in 1986 to 1995 there was no increase, whereas the period of 2001 to 2010 witnessed a significant increase (of circa 0.76).
The trend of body size and stature increase within the Polish population, although decelerating, remained positive and steady during the last 45 years. No significant impact of the past half-century's socioeconomic crises was observed in these measures of growth. We concluded that during the economic crises some effective mechanism protecting the living conditions of the children and youth were operating within the population.
旨在确定身高增长的代际趋势是否正在放缓，以及波兰年轻男性的体重最近是否如西欧国家那样有所增加。
数据取自对1965年、1976年、1986年、1995年、2001年和2010年出生队列的19岁波兰男性应征入伍者进行的六项全国性调查。
在过去45年里，该人群的平均身高从1965年的170.5厘米增至2010年的178.3厘米。然而，每十年身高的平均增幅从1965年至1976年期间的2.4厘米降至1995年至2001年期间的每十年0.8厘米，但在最后一个时期又增至1.0厘米。平均体重从1965年的63.2千克增至2010年的73.1千克，同期体重指数（BMI）从21.73升至22.94。不同时期的增长速度各不相同；1965年至1986年期间增长不显著（约为0.12）；1986年至1995年没有增长，而2001年至2010年期间有显著增长（约为0.76）。
波兰人口的体型和身高增长趋势虽然在放缓，但在过去45年里仍呈积极且稳定的态势。在这些生长指标中未观察到过去半个世纪社会经济危机的显著影响。我们得出结论，在经济危机期间，该人群中存在一些保护儿童和青年生活条件的有效机制。
