Clavijo A, Sanchez-Vazquez M J, Buzanovsky L P, Martini M, Pompei J C, Cosivi O
Pan American Foot-and-Mouth Disease Center (PANAFTOSA), Pan American Health Organization, Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2017 Feb;64(1):31-36. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12345. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
South America has a favourable position with respect to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) compared with other FMD-affected regions due to the elimination of endemic clinical presentation of the disease. South America has reached the final stage of control and aims to eradicate the disease in the region under the provisions of the Hemispheric Program for the Eradication of FMD 2011-2020 (PHEFA). This programme aims at bringing eradication to completion, thereby eliminating the pool of foot-and-mouth disease genotypes active in South America. This plan includes a regional political agreement that provides strategies and technical guidelines for the eradication of foot-and-mouth disease from South America. It incorporates knowledge and experience regarding the disease's history and its connection with the different production systems, animal movement and trade. The Pan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center has led the control and eradication programmes, providing the framework for designing national and subregional programmes that have led to significant progress in controlling the disease in South America. The current situation is the result of several factors, including the proper implementation of a national control programmes, good veterinary infrastructure in most countries and public-private participation in the process of eradicating the disease. Notwithstanding the favourable health status, there are significant challenges for the goal of eradication. At this stage, South American countries should enhance their surveillance strategies particularly through the use of target or risk-based surveys that contribute to increase the degree of sensitivity in the search for viral circulation in the context of absence of clinical occurrence of FMD.
与其他口蹄疫疫区相比，南美洲在口蹄疫方面具有有利地位，因为该地区已消除口蹄疫的地方性临床表现。南美洲已进入控制的最后阶段，并旨在根据《2011 - 2020年根除口蹄疫半球计划》（PHEFA）的规定在该地区根除口蹄疫。该计划旨在完成根除工作，从而消除在南美洲活跃的口蹄疫基因型库。该计划包括一项区域政治协议，该协议为从南美洲根除口蹄疫提供战略和技术指导方针。它纳入了有关该疾病历史及其与不同生产系统、动物流动和贸易的联系的知识和经验。泛美口蹄疫中心领导了控制和根除计划，为设计国家和次区域计划提供了框架，这些计划在南美洲控制该疾病方面取得了重大进展。当前的局面是多种因素造成的，包括国家控制计划的妥善实施、大多数国家良好的兽医基础设施以及公私部门在根除该疾病过程中的参与。尽管健康状况良好，但根除目标仍面临重大挑战。在现阶段，南美洲国家应加强其监测战略，特别是通过使用目标或基于风险的调查，这有助于在没有口蹄疫临床发生的情况下提高搜索病毒传播的敏感度。
