Beebe-Dimmer Jennifer L, Yee Cecilia, Cote Michele L, Petrucelli Nancie, Palmer Nynikka, Bock Cathryn, Lane Dorothy, Agalliu Ilir, Stefanick Marcia L, Simon Michael S
Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
Cancer. 2015 Apr 15;121(8):1265-72. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29075. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
Evidence suggests that the risk of breast and prostate cancer is increased among those with a family history of the same disease and particularly among first-degree relatives. However, less is known about the relationship between breast and prostate cancer within families and particularly among minority populations.
Analyses of participants in the Women's Health Initiative observational cohort who were free of breast cancer at the time of their baseline examination were conducted. Subjects were followed for breast cancer through August 31, 2009. A Cox proportional hazards regression modeling approach was used to estimate the risk of breast cancer associated with a family history of prostate cancer, breast cancer, and both among first-degree relatives.
There were 78,171 eligible participants, and 3506 breast cancer cases were diagnosed during the study period. A family history of prostate cancer was associated with a modest increase in breast cancer risk after adjustments for confounders (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.26). In a separate analysis examining the joint impact of both cancers, a family history of both breast and prostate cancer was associated with a 78% increase in breast cancer risk (aHR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.45-2.19). Risk estimates associated with a family history of both breast and prostate cancer were higher among African American women (aHR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.09-5.02) versus white women (aHR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.33-2.08).
These findings suggest that prostate cancer diagnosed among first-degree family members increases a woman's risk of developing breast cancer. Future studies are needed to determine the relative contributions of genes and a shared environment to the risk for both cancers.
有证据表明，有乳腺癌或前列腺癌家族病史的人群，尤其是一级亲属，患乳腺癌和前列腺癌的风险会增加。然而，对于家族内乳腺癌和前列腺癌之间的关系，尤其是少数族裔人群中的这种关系，我们了解得较少。
对女性健康倡议观察队列中基线检查时无乳腺癌的参与者进行分析。对受试者进行随访，直至2009年8月31日，观察是否患乳腺癌。采用Cox比例风险回归建模方法，估计与一级亲属中前列腺癌家族病史、乳腺癌家族病史以及两者兼有的家族病史相关的乳腺癌风险。
共有78171名符合条件的参与者，在研究期间确诊了3506例乳腺癌病例。在对混杂因素进行调整后，前列腺癌家族病史与乳腺癌风险适度增加相关（调整后风险比[aHR]为1.14；95%置信区间[CI]为1.02 - 1.26）。在一项单独分析两种癌症联合影响的研究中，乳腺癌和前列腺癌家族病史与乳腺癌风险增加78%相关（aHR为1.78；95%CI为1.45 - 2.19）。非裔美国女性中与乳腺癌和前列腺癌家族病史相关的风险估计值高于白人女性（aHR为2.34；95%CI为1.09 - 5.02），白人女性的aHR为1.66；95%CI为1.33 - 2.08。
这些发现表明，一级家庭成员中被诊断出前列腺癌会增加女性患乳腺癌的风险。未来需要开展研究，以确定基因和共同环境对两种癌症风险的相对影响。
