Nguyen Vinh Trung, Carrique-Mas Juan J, Ngo Thi Hoa, Ho Huynh Mai, Ha Thanh Tuyen, Campbell James I, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Hoang Ngoc Nhung, Pham Van Minh, Wagenaar Jaap A, Hardon Anita, Thai Quoc Hieu, Schultsz Constance
Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Global Health-Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015 Jul;70(7):2144-52. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkv053. Epub 2015 Mar 8.
To describe the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among commensal Escherichia coli isolates on household and small-scale chicken farms, common in southern Vietnam, and to investigate the association of antimicrobial resistance with farming practices and antimicrobial usage.
We collected data on farming and antimicrobial usage from 208 chicken farms. E. coli was isolated from boot swab samples using MacConkey agar (MA) and MA with ceftazidime, nalidixic acid or gentamicin. Isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials and for ESBL production. Risk factor analyses were carried out, using logistic regression, at both the bacterial population and farm levels.
E. coli resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporins was detected on 201 (96.6%), 191 (91.8%) and 77 (37.0%) of the farms, respectively. Of the 895 E. coli isolates, resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporins was detected in 178 (19.9%), 291 (32.5%) and 29 (3.2%) of the isolates, respectively. Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly associated with quinolone usage (OR = 2.26) and tetracycline usage (OR = 1.70). ESBL-producing E. coli were associated with farms containing fish ponds (OR = 4.82).
Household and small farms showed frequent antimicrobial usage associated with a high prevalence of resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobials. Given the weak biocontainment, the high prevalence of resistant E. coli could represent a risk to the environment and to humans.
描述越南南部常见的家庭式和小规模养鸡场共生大肠杆菌分离株的抗菌药物耐药性流行情况，并调查抗菌药物耐药性与养殖方式及抗菌药物使用之间的关联。
我们收集了208个养鸡场的养殖和抗菌药物使用数据。使用麦康凯琼脂（MA）以及添加头孢他啶、萘啶酸或庆大霉素的MA，从靴拭子样本中分离大肠杆菌。对分离株进行11种抗菌药物的敏感性测试及超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）检测。在细菌群体和养殖场层面，采用逻辑回归进行危险因素分析。
分别在201个（96.6%）、191个（91.8%）和77个（37.0%）养殖场检测到对庆大霉素、环丙沙星和第三代头孢菌素耐药的大肠杆菌。在895株大肠杆菌分离株中，分别有178株（19.9%）、291株（32.5%）和29株（3.2%）对庆大霉素、环丙沙星和第三代头孢菌素耐药。环丙沙星耐药与喹诺酮类药物使用（比值比[OR]=2.26）和四环素使用（OR=1.70）显著相关。产ESBL的大肠杆菌与有鱼塘的养殖场相关（OR=4.82）。
家庭式和小型养殖场抗菌药物使用频繁，对最常用抗菌药物的耐药性普遍较高。鉴于生物防护薄弱，耐药大肠杆菌的高流行可能对环境和人类构成风险。
