Pachychoroid diseases of the macula.

Advances in optical coherence tomography have enabled a better appreciation of the role of pathologic choroidal changes in a variety of retinal disease. A "pachychoroid" (pachy-[prefix]: thick) is defined as an abnormal and permanent increase in choroidal thickness often showing dilated choroidal vessels and other structural alterations of the normal choroidal architecture. Central serous chorioretinopathy is just one of several pachychoroid-related macular disorders. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the pachycoroid spectrum and the hallmark features seen with multimodal imaging analysis of these entities.