Private Bag 135, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7000 TAS Australia.
BMC Nurs. 2015 Mar 6;14:10. doi: 10.1186/s12912-015-0060-3. eCollection 2015.
This paper reports on a study to validate the concept of the 'Activity Support Tool' that aimed to assist dementia service workers to identify and act upon the support needs of people with dementia living alone, in line with the person-centred ideal.
The tool was part of a two-stage exploratory qualitative study, which used interview and observational data from seven people with dementia living alone. Findings highlighted that people with dementia use objects and spaces within their homes to maintain or re-enact identities from the past. Thematic results from interviews were translated into a tool, with construct validation using the Delphi technique. Eighteen expert health professionals received round one of the questionnaire and six participants completed round three. The first round directed our focus towards operationalizing the person-centred ideal of dementia care.
The tool was considered by almost all advisory panel members to be a potentially valuable resource for helping to address impediments to integrated, effective and person-centred dementia care. Specific strengths identified were simplicity, person-centeredness and applicability across service settings. Issues of concern included practicability, risk management, gender stereotyping and terminology. The results support the findings of previous research into the intuitive and ethical appeal, but problematic applicability, of person-centred dementia services.
Health professionals with a range of service-related expertise found the concept of person-centred care compelling, but required tangible, enduring structures to translate the ideal into practical action. The tool now requires further research to test its usefulness in practice.
本文报告了一项研究，旨在验证“活动支持工具”的概念，该工具旨在帮助痴呆症服务工作者根据以人为本的理念，识别和满足独居痴呆症患者的支持需求。
该工具是一项两阶段探索性定性研究的一部分，该研究使用了 7 名独居痴呆症患者的访谈和观察数据。研究结果强调，痴呆症患者使用家中的物品和空间来维持或重现过去的身份。访谈的主题结果被转化为工具，使用德尔菲技术进行构建验证。18 名专业卫生保健人员收到了第一轮问卷，6 名参与者完成了第三轮。第一轮调查将我们的注意力集中在使痴呆症护理以人为本的理想运作上。
几乎所有咨询小组成员都认为该工具是一种潜在有价值的资源，可以帮助解决综合、有效和以人为本的痴呆症护理的障碍。确定的具体优势包括简单性、以人为本和适用于各种服务环境。关注的问题包括实用性、风险管理、性别刻板印象和术语。研究结果支持了之前关于以人为本的痴呆症服务的直观和伦理吸引力但适用性存在问题的研究发现。
具有各种服务相关专业知识的卫生保健专业人员认为以人为本的护理理念很有吸引力，但需要有形的、持久的结构将理想转化为实际行动。该工具现在需要进一步的研究来测试其在实践中的实用性。
