Kleppa Elisabeth, Klinge Kari F, Galaphaththi-Arachchige Hashini Nilushika, Holmen Sigve D, Lillebø Kristine, Onsrud Mathias, Gundersen Svein Gunnar, Taylor Myra, Ndhlovu Patricia, Kjetland Eyrun F
Norwegian Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 13;10(3):e0119326. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119326. eCollection 2015.
Schistosoma (S.) haematobium causes urogenital schistosomiasis and has been hypothesized to adversely impact HIV transmission and progression. On the other hand it has been hypothesized that HIV could influence the manifestations of schistosomiasis. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the association between urogenital S. haematobium infection and CD4 cell counts in 792 female high-school students from randomly selected schools in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We also investigated the association between low CD4 cell counts in HIV positive women and the number of excreted schistosome eggs in urine. Sixteen percent were HIV positive and 31% had signs of urogenital schistosomiasis (as determined by genital sandy patches and / or abnormal blood vessels on ectocervix / vagina by colposcopy or presence of eggs in urine). After stratifying for HIV status, participants with and without urogenital schistosomiasis had similar CD4 cell counts. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis in HIV positive women with low and high CD4 cell counts. There was no significant difference in the number of eggs excreted in urine when comparing HIV positive and HIV negative women. Our findings indicate that urogenital schistosomiasis do not influence the number of circulating CD4 cells.
埃及血吸虫可引发泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病，据推测其会对艾滋病毒的传播及病情发展产生不利影响。另一方面，也有推测认为艾滋病毒可能会影响血吸虫病的临床表现。在这项横断面研究中，我们对南非夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔省农村地区随机选取的学校中的792名女高中生进行了研究，以探究泌尿生殖系统埃及血吸虫感染与CD4细胞计数之间的关联。我们还调查了艾滋病毒呈阳性的女性中CD4细胞计数偏低与尿液中排出的血吸虫卵数量之间的关联。16%的人艾滋病毒呈阳性，31%有泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病的体征（通过阴道镜检查发现生殖器有沙斑和/或宫颈外口/阴道有异常血管，或尿液中存在虫卵来确定）。在按艾滋病毒感染状况分层后，患有和未患有泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病的参与者的CD4细胞计数相似。此外，CD4细胞计数低和高的艾滋病毒呈阳性女性中，泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病的患病率没有显著差异。比较艾滋病毒呈阳性和呈阴性的女性时，尿液中排出的虫卵数量没有显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病不会影响循环CD4细胞的数量。
