Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Näituse 2, 50410, Tartu, Estonia.
Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada.
Appetite. 2015 Jul;90:229-39. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
Research on eating behaviour has identified several potentially relevant eating-related traits captured by different questionnaires. Often, these questionnaires predict Body Mass Index (BMI), but the relationship between them has not been explicitly studied. We studied the unity and diversity of questionnaires capturing five common eating-related traits: Power of Food, Eating Impulsivity, emotional eating, Disinhibition, and binge eating in women from Estonia (n = 740) and Canada (n = 456). Using bifactor analysis, we showed that a) these questionnaires are largely explained by a single factor, and b) relative to this shared factor, only some questionnaires offered additional variance in predicting BMI. Hence, these questionnaires seemed to characterise a common factor, which we label Uncontrolled Eating. Item Response Theory techniques were then applied to demonstrate that c) within this common factor, the questionnaires could be placed on a continuum of Uncontrolled Eating. That is, Eating Impulsivity focused on the milder degree, Power of Food Scale, emotional eating scales, and Disinhibition on intermediate degrees, and the Binge Eating Scale on the most severe degrees of Uncontrolled Eating. In sum, evidence from two samples showed that questionnaires capturing five common BMI-related traits largely reflected the same underlying latent trait - Uncontrolled Eating. In Estonia, some questionnaires focused on different severities of this common construct, supporting a continuum model of Uncontrolled Eating. These findings provide a starting point for developing better questionnaires of the neurobehavioural correlates of obesity, and provide a unifying perspective from which to view the existing literature. R scripts and data used for the analysis are provided.
饮食行为研究已经确定了几种可能与饮食相关的特质，这些特质可以通过不同的问卷来捕捉。这些问卷通常可以预测体重指数（BMI），但它们之间的关系尚未被明确研究。我们研究了在爱沙尼亚（n=740）和加拿大（n=456）的女性中，捕捉五种常见饮食相关特质的问卷之间的统一性和多样性：食物力量、进食冲动、情绪性进食、抑制失控和暴食。使用双因素分析，我们表明：a）这些问卷主要由一个单一因素解释；b）相对于这个共同因素，只有一些问卷在预测 BMI 方面提供了额外的方差。因此，这些问卷似乎描述了一个共同的因素，我们称之为“失控饮食”。然后应用项目反应理论技术来证明：c）在这个共同因素内，问卷可以放在“失控饮食”的连续体上。即，进食冲动侧重于较轻的程度，食物力量量表、情绪性进食量表和抑制失控集中在中等程度，而暴食量表则集中在失控饮食的最严重程度。总之，来自两个样本的证据表明，捕捉五种常见 BMI 相关特质的问卷在很大程度上反映了相同的潜在隐性特质——失控饮食。在爱沙尼亚，一些问卷侧重于这个共同结构的不同严重程度，支持失控饮食的连续体模型。这些发现为开发更好的肥胖神经行为相关性问卷提供了一个起点，并提供了一个统一的视角来看待现有的文献。提供了用于分析的 R 脚本和数据。
